张清　胡伟长　张积森

摘 要 蔗糖转运蛋白（SUT）在植物的生长代谢中调控蔗糖的运输和分配，并通过蔗糖信号影响其它代谢途径。植物蔗糖转运蛋白结构较为保守，属于12次跨膜的膜蛋白基因家族。对已完成基因组测序的10个单子叶和8个双子叶植物的蔗糖转运蛋白聚类分析表明，该基因家族可以分为5个亚族，SUT1、SUT2、SUT3、SUT4、SUT5，其中SUT2和SUT4为单、双子叶所共有的基因，SUT1为双子叶特异，而SUT3、SUT5为单子叶特异。单、双子叶蔗糖转运蛋白是由2个祖先基因进化而来。SUT的组织分布和遗传转化研究表明，SUT参与植物蔗糖运输与贮存、非生物胁迫响应、胚乳发育等，且SUT家族成员之间存在功能差异。SUT2的表达受SnRKs调控，而SUT4表达则调控部分生物钟相关基因，同时筛部移动信号等也调节SUT的表达。本文综述了植物蔗糖转运蛋白基因分类、生理功能及其在不同水平上的调控等方面的研究进展，为更好的理解蔗糖转运蛋白对植物生长发育的影响及其分子机制提供参考。

关键词 蔗糖转运蛋白；单双子叶植物；基因进化；基因功能；基因家族

中图分类号 Q946.1 文献标识码 A

Abstract Sucrose transporters（SUT）regulate the sugar distributions in tissues and influence several plant metabolic pathways by using sucrose as the signal. Plant sucrose transporters are conservative proteins containing 12 transmembrane protein domains. Phylogenetic analysis of the whole sucrose transporter families from 10 monocotyledon and 8 dicotyledon demonstrates that the gene family could be separated into two groups for five subfamilies（SUT1， SUT2， SUT3， SUT4， SUT5）. The results suggested that sucrose transporters of monocotyledon and dicotyledonwere originated from two different ancient genes. In addition， the genes in SUT2 and SUT4 subfamilies exist in both monocotyledon and dicotyledon， and SUT1 specifically exists in the dicotyledon， while， the SUT3 and SUT5 are monocotyledon-specific. SUT families play roles in the process of transportation and storage of sucrose， abiotic stress response and the development of endosperm as well， and the gene members of SUT families present diverse functions in plant. In addition，the expression level of SUT families is proved to regulated by the long-range signal；furthermore， the gene network for two of members， SUT2 and SUT4， have been investigated in the families， showing that the expression level of SUT2 is regulated by SnRKs， while， SUT4 regulated some of biological clock related genes. In this paper，we reviewed the progresses on different aspects of SUT genes， such as classification，physiological function and regulation at different levels，providing details about their the effects on plant growth and development.

Key words Sucrose transporters；Monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants；Gene evolution； Gene function；Gene families

doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2016.01.031

蔗糖作为一种非还原糖，是大多数高等植物的主要光合同化产物。光合作用产生的蔗糖除了部分维持光合组织自身的代谢外，大部分通过韧皮部长距离运输到其他组织进行代谢或储存。在植物中，生产或输出同化产物的组织通常称之为“源”，而接收、利用或储存同化产物的组织称之为“库”[1-2]。蔗糖从源到库的运输和分配过程中，韧……