董艳红　彭薇薇　闫芳

[摘要] 目的 探讨慢性肝病患者睡眠状况调查及不同护理方法改善睡眠障碍的疗效。 方法 选取2014年10月～2015年10月来我院就诊的慢性肝病患者95例，随机分为观察组48例及对照组47例。对照组施以临床常规护理；观察组在对照组基础上进行人文关怀护理。对引起患者睡眠障碍的主要因素进行观察，并对两组患者的睡眠质量及生存质量进行比较。 结果 引起患者睡眠障碍的主要因素主要为心理社会因素、环境因素及生理病理因素。观察组患者的主观睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、安眠药应用和日间功能得分均显著低于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患者的心理领域、环境领域以及社会关系领域等方面均较对照组患者有较大改善，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 对慢性肝病患者睡眠状况进行人文关怀护理，可明显改善其睡眠质量，提高其生存质量，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词] 慢性肝病；睡眠状况；护理方法；睡眠障碍

[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2016）16-0160-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the sleep status in patients with chronic liver disease and the comparative study of different nursing methods on improving sleep disorders. Methods From October 2014 to October 2015， a total of 95 patients with chronic liver disease in our hospital were collected and were randomly divided into observation group and control group， 47 cases and 48 cases. Patients in control group were treated with routine nursing care， and the observation group was treated with humanistic care based on the control group. The main factors of sleep disorders， the quality of sleep and the quality of life were all observed and compared. Results The main factors that caused the patient's sleep disorder were psychological and social factors， environmental factors and physiological and pathological factors. Observation group patients with subjective sleep quality， sleep time， sleep time， sleep efficiency， sleep disorders， sleeping pills， application and daytime function score were significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. In the field of psychology， environment and social relations and other aspects， The observation group patients were significantly improved than the control group， the difference was significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The humanistic care of patients with chronic liver disease， can significantly improve the sleep quality， improve the quality of life， it is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

[Key words] Chronic liver disease； Sleep condition； Nursing method； Sleep disorder

慢性肝病的发病率很高，而睡眠障碍会直接影响预后。慢性肝病患者导致睡眠障碍发生的原因主要包括：内毒素的增加、激素水平的改变、心理精神因素的刺激等。慢性肝病患者的睡眠障碍问题在临床上会延长肝病的病程，从而增加了患者的经济负担及身心痛苦[1-3]。而睡眠障碍会严重影响慢性肝病患者的预后，延长病程，增加患者痛苦及其家庭经济负担。目前临床上慢性肝病睡眠障碍患者的治疗大多以药物为主，可以获得较好的临床疗效，但具有不良反应大，耐药性和依赖性等缺点，一旦停药则容易反弹[4]。因此临床护理非常重要；本研究主要对48例患者采取人文关怀护理，以探讨慢性肝病患者睡眠状况调查及不同护理方法改善睡眠障碍的疗效，现报道如下。……