刘江伟，汪小越，陈 希，居 峰　(中山陵园管理局森林管理处，江苏南京 210014)



南京市主要植被群系毒蛾科昆虫群落结构及其多样性

刘江伟，汪小越，陈 希，居 峰*(中山陵园管理局森林管理处，江苏南京 210014)

摘要[目的]明确南京市主要植被群系毒蛾科昆虫群落结构及其多样性，以更好地保护南京市森林生态及植树造林成果。[方法]研究了南京市主要植被群系植物种类及毒蛾科昆虫种类、种群密度、分布及发生规律，并进行了多样性分析。[结果]南京市5种主要植被群系共有毒蛾科昆虫15属32种，优势种为枫毒蛾、条毒蛾、绿点足毒蛾、鹅点足毒蛾、华竹毒蛾；昆虫本身的生物学特征、气候条件、生态环境是影响蛾类群落结构及动态的主要因素；毒蛾科昆虫种群动态有明显的时序变化，这种变化在很大程度上与季节性的温度变化有关。[结论]研究结果为有害生物的预测预报和防治提供了理论依据。

关键词植被群系；毒蛾科；群落结构；多样性

Community Structure and Diversity of Insects of Lymantriidae in Main Vegetation Formation of Nanjing

LIU Jiang-wei, WANG Xiao-yue, CHEN Xi, JU Feng*

(Forest Management Office, Administrative Bureau of Dr.Sun Yat-sen’s Mausoleum, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014)

Abstract[Objective] The aim was to study the community structure and diversity of insects of Lymantriidae in main vegetation formation in Nanjing City, so as to better protect forest eco-system and afforestation achievements in Nanjing. [Method] The plant species and insect species of Lymantriidae, population density, distribution and occurrence regularity in the main vegetation formation of Nanjing were investigated and analyzed by the diversity analysis method. [Result] The results showed that there were 15 genera, 32 species of insects of Lymantriidae in the five kinds of main plant formation of Nanjing;Lymantriaumbrifera(Wileman),Lymantriadissoluta(Swinhoe),RedoaleucoscelaCollenette,RedoaanserCollenette,PantanasinicaMoore were dominant species. Insect biology characteristics, climatic conditions, the ecological environment were the major factors that impacted the community structure and dynamic of the moth. Insect population dynamics of Lymantriidae had obvious temporal changes, the change was largely related to the seasonal temperature changes. [Conclusion] The study results can provide theoretical basis for forecasting and prevention of harmful organisms.

Key wordsVegetation formation; Lymantriidae; Community structure; Diversity

毒蛾科昆虫是农林牧业的重要害虫，全世界有2 500种，我国统计文献资料有360种[1]。这些种类中有的是世界著名的大害虫，如广泛分布在欧、亚、北美大陆的舞毒蛾(LymantriadisparLinnaeus)、模毒蛾(LymantriamonachaLinnaeus)，有的种类在我国由过去的零星分布发展到扩散蔓延成灾，成为危害农、林业的猖獗种，如条毒蛾(LymantriadissolutaSwinhoe)、木毒蛾(LymantriaxylinaSwinhoe)等。许多毒蛾科昆虫以其繁殖力强、分布广泛、食性复杂、破坏性大而成为昆虫学家研究和防治的重点对象[2]。南京市由于新造林面积大，部分中龄以上的松林受到松材线虫病的危害，加上森林经营工作比较薄弱，森林综合效益还不高，抗有害生物的能力较弱[3]。……