郝玉玲，孙书勤，张　丽，孙亚楠，于泽秋，刘骙骙



高校涉老专业本科生职业认知与从业意愿调查

郝玉玲，孙书勤，张丽，孙亚楠，于泽秋，刘骙骙

摘要：[目的]了解涉老专业本科生职业认知与从业意愿状况，提出应对措施。[方法]采用整群抽样法抽取四年制本科公共事业管理专业(老年医养管理方向)2年级学生40人和两年制专升本护理学专业(老年护理方向)1年级学生60人为研究对象，对其一般状况、职业认知状况、从业意愿及促成因素、父母养老方式认同状况进行问卷调查。[结果]调查对象的职业认知状况并不理想，医养管理组及老年护理组总均分分别为2.03分±0.78分和2.32分±0.73分，其中就业相关信息了解程度选项得分最低,设置涉老专业方向重要性认可度较高，但从业意愿偏低，首选率分别为45.0%和50.0%，就业期望值偏高；专业对口和发展机会大成为从业较大促成因素，两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)；养老观较为传统，对机构养老认可度偏低。[结论]应重视养老服务专业人才队伍建设，完善教育体系，优化培养方案，规范职业生涯规划指导，提高大学生职业素质和职业定力，以促进养老事业发展。

关键词：本科生；老年护理；老年医养管理；职业认知，从业意愿；教育

Survey of professional cognition and practitioners wishes of undergraduates in old related profession in universities

Hao Yuling,Sun Shuqin,Zhang Li,et al

(College of Nursing,Binzhou Medical University,Shandong 256603 China)

AbstractObjective:To know about the professional cognition and practitioners wishes of undergraduates in old related profession in universities and put forward the corresponding measures.Methods:A total of 40 students from grade 2 in four years of undergraduate public utilities management profession(elderly medical support management direction)and 60 students from grade 1in two-year post-secondary l the nursing profession(geriatric nursing) were selected and investigated on general situation,vocational cognitive status,practitioners wishes and contributing factors and identity status of parents’ pension information.Results:The professional cognition of investigated students were not ideal,the total score of medical management group and geriatric nursing group was 2.03±0.78 and 2.32±0.73,the understanding options score of employment related information was the lowest,approving of importance in setting the old related professional direction was high,but the desire to work was lower.Preferred rate was respectively 45.0% and 50.0%,the expectations of employment was higher;Professional counterparts and big development opportunities became larger contributing business factors,there was statistically significant difference between two groups(P<0.01).The view of pension was traditional and the approving of pension of institution was lower.Conclusion:We should pay attention to the construction of professional talents in pension services,improve the education system,optimize the training scheme,standardize the career planning guide,improve the quality of college students and their occupational force,in order to promote the development of pension.

Key wordsundergraduate;elderly care;elderly medical management;occupation cognition,employment intention;education

随着社会老龄化的日益加重，我国高龄、失能、失智等需要护理服务的老年人有3 600万人，需要近千万养老服务人员，而现在仅有30多万人，其中取得职业资格者不足10万人，养老服务人才供给不足问题日益凸显[1-2]。由于养老服务队伍的整体素质不高，其专业水平和业务能力均无法满足老年人多层次、多样化的服务需求[3-4]，成为制约中国养老事业健康发展的人才瓶颈。我校作为医学本科院校，为适应老龄化社会需求，在公共事业管理和护理学两个本科专业中设立了老年医养管理和老年护理专业方向，旨在培养高层次的老年服务与管理人才。……