李锡蓉，白凤芝，李凤萍，柴藤菱，李黎梅，费国芳，舒瑞琴，任建华，姚建蓉



·科研论著·

地震后孕妇抑郁与应对方式现状调查及影响因素研究

李锡蓉，白凤芝，李凤萍，柴藤菱，李黎梅，费国芳，舒瑞琴，任建华，姚建蓉

摘要：[目的]调查芦山地震后震中区域孕妇产前抑郁发生情况及应对情况，为孕妇地震后短期内的干预措施设计提供参考。[方法]采用横断面调查方式，在2013年芦山地震后2周～6周，对方便抽样抽取的128例孕妇的抑郁及应对情况进行调查。[结果]地震后2周～6周震中区域孕妇抑郁发生率为35.2%；方差分析结果显示，不同职业、不同小孩数量、地震时不同孕周及有亲戚在地震中受伤或死亡的孕妇，其中文版爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评分差异有统计学意义；相关分析结果显示：EPDS得分与孕周及负性应对方式评分呈正相关，与正性应对方式评分呈负相关；回归分析显示，小孩数量、家庭收入、是否有亲人在地震中受伤、正性及负性应对方式5个因素进入回归方程。[结论]地震后影响产前抑郁发生的高危因素包括务农人员、有2个及以上的小孩、有亲人在地震中受伤或死亡、高水平的负性应对方式及低水平的正性应对方式。

关键词：地震；孕妇；抑郁；应对方式；影响因素

Survey of status quo of depression and coping style of pregnant women after earthquake and study on its influencing factors

Li Xirong,Bai Fengzhi,Li Fengping,et al

(Ya’an People’s Hospital of Sichuan Province,Sichuan 625000 China)

AbstractObjective:To investigate the situation of prenatal depression and response of pregnant women in epicenter area after the Lushan earthquake,provide a reference for the design of intervention measures for pregnant women in the short term after the earthquake.Methods:By a cross-sectional survey,the situation of depression and response of 128 pregnant women were investigated which were selected by the convenient sampling method in 2 to 6 weeks after the Lushan earthquake of 2013.Results:In 2 to 6 weeks after the earthquake,the incidence of depression in pregnant women in epicenter area was 35.2%;the variance analysis showed that the differences of scores of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale table(EPDS) of Chinese version were statistically significant in different occupations,different child quantity,different gestational weeks and their relatives injured or killed in the earthquake;the correlation analysis showed that EPDS score was positively correlated with gestational weeks and negative coping style score,and was negative correlated with positive coping style scores;the regression analysis showed that the factors of child quantity,family income,whether their relatives were injured in the earthquake,positive and negative coping style entered into the regression equation.Conclusion:The risk factors of prenatal depression after the earthquake included farm workers,the pregnant women who have two or more children,their relatives were injured or killed in the earthquake,high levels negative coping style and low level positive coping style.

Key wordsearthquake;pregnant women;depression;coping style;influencing factors

地震不仅会造成人身财产损失，还有可能对灾区的幸存者产生明显的心理影响[1-4]。孕妇因处于特殊的生理时期，其心理健康可能受到更明显的影响[5]。

研究发现，妊娠期妇女卵巢及皮质醇激素水平的改变与大脑海马回的容量及神经形成功能有密切关系，而海马回在抑郁的形成中具有重要的作用[6]。……