适用于残疾学生群体的Brockport体适能测试:背景·内容·启示
2016-04-08赵亮
赵亮



摘要:Brockport体适能测试作为美国教育部资助研发的标准参照健康体适能测试,适用于多种类别的残疾学生群体。通过对这一测试的研发背景、测试项目和评价标准进行深入了解和分析,吸收借鉴其测试理念和方法手段,进而总结归纳出残疾学生体质健康标准研发的环节步骤和重点难点。即在充分理解残疾学生体质健康内涵的基础上,依据身体活动、健康和健康体适能三者之间的关系及其构成要素,选择基于个体健康需求和理想体质健康模式的测试项目和标准参照的评价方法,以期为我国残疾学生体质健康标准的研发提供参考路径,特别是在测试项目和评价标准的内涵理解和选择构建上给予建设性意见。这对加快我国残疾学生体质健康标准的制定、实现更大范围内的教育公平有着重要意义。
关键词: Brockport体适能测试;残疾学生;背景;内容;启示
中图分类号: G 804文章编号:1009783X(2016)02017706文献标志码: A
Abstract:As a part of the project funded by the U.S.Department of Education,the Brockport Physical Fitness Test (BPFT) is a healthrelated criterionreferenced physical fitness test for the youngsters with disabilities.Through investigating its developing background and analyzing its items and standards,the ideas and methods of BPFT can be absorbed.Therefore,the process and unique features of physical fitness for the students with disabilities can be summarized.On the basis of well understanding the connotation of physical fitness for the students with disabilities,according to the relationships and components among physical activity,healthrelated physical fitness,and health,test items,based on the need of individual health and ideal physical fitness model,and criterionreferenced standards are selected.This can provide references for us,especially in understanding and choosing the test items and standards.It is important to accelerate the standards development for the students physical fitness with disabilities and realize the educational equality in the wider range in China.
Keywords:Brockport physical fitness test;students with disabilities;background;content;inspiration
从1954年我国《准备劳动与卫国体育制度暂行条例》(又称《劳卫制》)的颁布,到今天《国家学生体质健康标准》(2014年修订)的执行,我国用于监测国民体质健康水平、促进大众体育锻炼的标准先后经历了《青少年体育锻炼标准》(1964)、《国家体育锻炼标准》(1975)、《普通人群体育锻炼标准》(2003)、《学生体育合格标准》(1991—1993)、《学生体质健康标准(试行方案)》(2002)和《国家学生体质健康标准》(2007)等多个版本[1]。这些《标准》的制定、实施和发展对我国广大人民群众,特别是青少年群体的体质健康起到了积极的推进作用;……
