河南 张英杰

单句语法填空专项训练

河南 张英杰

1.Many of our schools are failing for reasons______have little to do with education but with larger problems such as poverty，unemployment，violence.

2.Though rather______（discourage），Bowerman insisted and went on to form his own company，making NIKE athletic shoes.

3._____（show）respect for others is important as well as necessary in our life.

4.On the contrary，_____is thought that opening online stores will distract students from their study.

5.Reading is obviously beneficial to both our life and study，______can not only broaden our horizon but enrich our life as well.

6.They make sure your morning post arrives free from damages______（cause）by rats and mice.

7.It houses a diverse collection of more than 2 300 examples of European art_____（range）from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.

8.It was the language_____helped shape the way I saw things，expressed ideas，and made sense of the world.

9.Where you live，your knowledge level and your age will decide______school you can attend.

10.I ask her all the questions that have been left______（unanswer）in my mind，and pray she will answer.

11.______made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn’t being “replaced”.

12.Those serving in our armed forces，in our emergency services and in our hospitals，_____sense of duty takes them away from family and friends，will be missing those they love.

13.This precious little girl，through the connection with music，left an impression_____me that will last forever.

14.Dr.Nick Wright，who led the study，explains，_____or not fairness is a uniquely human motivation has been a source of argument.

15.More than 62 percent of them admitted that they were addicted to______（check）their e-mails and text messages so often that they scrutinized work-related ones even when at home or on holiday.

16.For the present，it is nuclear weapons that cause the most serious danger，but bacteriological or chemical weapons may，before long，offer an even______（great）threat.

17.What parents do，in other words，is of deep concern to the state，for the obvious reason_____caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society.

18.He returned to his room，tears______（run）down.

19.It’s best to have a copy of the original stories，_____ the original drawings done by Beatrix Potter herself.

20.What is it that makes mobile phones_____（potential）harmful？

21.Earning 1 200 yuan （$169） per month working in a factory is better than that on a farm，but______Wang points out，it’s not a dream career.

22.The______（simple）information，the smaller the package and the narrower the bandwidth needed to deliver it.

23.If it hadn’t come to get me，the doctor said Jack would have died，_____I lived up to those grades and defined myself according to those letters，I would have never confidently sought my writing career.

24.What most people are less aware of，however，are the effects that a vegetarian diet can have_____the environment.

25.Only_____going alone in silence can one truly get into the heart of the wilderness.

26.When people ask me whether being in the White House has changed my husband，I can honestly say that when _____comes to his character，and his heart，Barack Obama is still the same man I fell in love with all those years ago.

27.They left then，holding their papers_____the wind.

28.In my case，I found one，or perhaps it found me，at a turning point_____I was turning my back on everything I had known.

29.It is important in some places where clean air can mean_____difference life and death，such as hospitals.

30.Jack Gleeson，17，a high school student working a summer job at the airport，caught up to Schum，with Bochter’s help，______（lift）the chain-link fence and brought Brillo underneath it.

31.I’ve decided to find reasons to enjoy each day as if it ______（be）all I had.

32.Recent years of shortages_____（lead） to increased efforts，according to report，which included recruiting men into the field.

33.So well known and beloved is Barnes_____the city of Hamilton built up a statue in his honor.

34.Looking back_____this experience，I learned a very important lesson∶ You can’t afford to doubt yourself.

35.If people eat natural poisons，they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs______（empty）.

36.You must determine your destination，go straight，and jump over all the harriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in you life，to reach the destination______（success）.

37.I_____believe that God has given us some time left to plant some wonderful memories that will bloom every year for us.

38.Wrong_____they were，it was a really severe and difficult battle getting back into the mainstream of life.

39.Boodle fight mirrors the soldiers’ struggle for survival in the jungles where food is scarce and there is no choice but ______（eat）anything they find in the middle of nowhere.

40.In hot summer，people turn on the air-conditioner ______returning home.

41.This was not the first time I______（hear）such a statement，but with graduation fast coming close，her words especially struck me.

42.If you’re tired of your job search resulting in dead-end responses，_____（take）advantage of this free service and give yourself a huge advantage in the job marketplace.

43.As a result，Isabelle_____（receive ）blood transfusions（输血） every 4～6 weeks since she was 11 months old.

44.And contrary_____what scientists say，the crack of lightning and the accompanying flash happen at exactly the same time，wherever you are.

45.______took a terrible tragedy to make ship travel safer for all.

46.The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions（排放）_____80 percent by 2050，part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016.

47.Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task，while ______had to learn for themselves.

48.So if a man didn’t want to be left out，his only choice was to dance with another man so that he_____attract the attention of the few available women.

49.Now some people may think I’m a bad mother and not such a great wife______.

50.Some years ago，the group______which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company.

51.There is no_____（great）comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work.

52.When we read the end together out loud in class，my toughest boy，a star basketball player，wept a little，and so ______I.

53.For the last seven years，I______（work）as a reading enrichment teacher，reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight.

54.Proudly reading my words，I glanced around the room，only______（find）my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.

55.Two friends have an______（argue）that break up their friendship forever，even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started.

56.Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done，users will______monitor it on their phones while watching TV.

57.Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults，which in turn can lead to_____（violent）.

58.This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time_____relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.

59.The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15 mph，______otherwise posted.

60.I am blind，so I_____have been a terrible danger on the roads.

【参考答案及解析】

1.【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词“reasons”，符合语境。

2.【解析】discouraged。考查省略。“Though rather discouraged”是省略句，即：当主从句主语一致时，从句的主语和系动词可以省略，补充完整应该是：Though he was rather discouraged。

3.【解析】Showing。考查动名词。此处showing是动名词作主语，符合语境。

4.【解析】it。考查代词。it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，符合语境。

5.【解析】which。考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词reading，符合语境。

6.【解析】caused。考查非谓语动词。cause和句子谓语“arrive”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和介词“by”形成呼应，故用过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词“damages”。

7.【解析】ranging。考查非谓语动词。range和句子谓语“house”之间没有连词，且和其逻辑主语“collection”之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词。

8.【解析】that。考查强调句型。“It is...that...”是强调句型，其判断方式是把“It is...that...”去掉，句子结构和意思仍完整。本句是对句子的主语“the language”进行强调，符合语境。

9.【解析】what。考查名词性从句。what引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰名词“school”。

10.【解析】unanswered。 考查非谓语动词。空格处和其逻辑主语“all the questions”之间是被动关系，结合“leave sth.done”可知，过去分词unanswered符合题意。

11.【解析】What。考查名词性从句。what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。

12.【解析】whose。考查定语从句。whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰先行词“those”。

13.【解析】on。考查介词。根据固定短语搭配：leave an impression on sb.意为“给某人留下印象”，符合语境，故用介词on。

14.【解析】whether。考查状语从句。whether引导状语从句，在从句中作状语，与语境“or not”呼应。

15.【解析】checking。考查动名词。根据固定短语搭配：be addicted to sth./doing sth.意为“沉溺于，做某事上瘾”。to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

16.【解析】greater。考查形容词比较级。far/even/ much往往修饰形容词或副词比较级，且与名词“threat”呼应，故用greater。

17.【解析】that。考查名词性从句。that引导同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，对同位语“reason”的内容进行补充说明，符合语境。

18.【解析】running。考查非谓语动词。run和句子谓语“return”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语“tears”在逻辑上构成主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。本句前后主语不同，是独立主格结构。

19.【解析】with。考查with的复合结构。with+名词/代词+非谓语动词/形容词/副词/介词短语，即with的复合结构，在句子中作状语，符合语境。

20.【解析】potentially。考查词性转换。副词经常修饰形容词、副词或动词，甚至整个句子，作状语。potentially是副词，修饰形容词“harmful”，符合语境。

21.【解析】as。考查状语从句。as引导状语从句，在从句中作状语，意为“正如”，符合语境。

22.【解析】simpler。考查形容词比较级。根据固定句型：the more...the more...意为“越来越……”，符合语境，故用形容词比较级的形式。

23.【解析】had。考查虚拟语气。本句是一个对过去情况虚拟的句子，倒装且省略，可还原为：if I had lived up to those grades...，与语境“I would have never confidently sought my writing career.”呼应。

24.【解析】on。考查介词。根据固定短语搭配：have an effect on意为“对……有影响”，符合语境，故用介词on。

25.【解析】by。考查介词。“only+介词短语或状语从句”置于句首时，句子半倒装，即：助动词放在主语之前，符合语境，故用介词by，意为“通过”。

26.【解析】it。考查代词。根据固定句型：when it comes to sb./sth.意为“当提及某人或某物”，符合语境，故用代词it。

27.【解析】against。考查介词。against意为“抵御，反对，靠着”，与语境“用报纸挡风”吻合，故用介词against。

28.【解析】when。考查连词。when引导时间状语从句，在从句中作时间状语，符合语境。

29.【解析】a。考查冠词。difference是不可数名词，但此处表示抽象名词具体化，故用不定冠词修饰。

30.【解析】lifted。考查动词时态。根据语境“and brought Brillo underneath it.”可知，此处是并列句，前后时态一致，故用一般过去时。

31.【解析】were。考查虚拟语气。as if引导状语从句时，从句经常使用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反用过去时，与过去事实相反用过去完成时。与语境“I’ve decided”呼应可知，此处应用一般过去时，且虚拟语气中be动词经常用were的形式。

32.【解析】have led。考查动词时态。根据时间状语“recent years”可知，本句应用现在完成时。

33.【解析】that。考查连词。固定句型：so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，符合语境，故用连词that，引导状语从句。

34.【解析】on。考查介词。根据固定短语搭配：look back on意为“回顾”，符合语境，故用介词on。

35.【解析】emptied。考查非谓语动词。固定短语搭配：have sth.done意为“做某事”，过去分词作宾语补足语，符合语境。

36.【解析】successfully。考查词性转换。副词修饰动词、形容词或副词，在句中作状语，故用副词successfully修饰动词“reach”，符合语境。

37.【解析】do。考查强调。对谓语动词的强调用助动词，且主从句时态一致，故用助动词do对谓语动词“believe”进行强调。

38.【解析】as。考查倒装句。as引导让步状语从句时，句子倒装，即：表语置于句首，符合语境，故用连词as。

39.【解析】to eat。考查固定短语搭配。根据固定短语搭配：have no choice but to do意为“别无选择只好……”，符合语境，故用不定式。

40.【解析】upon/on。考查介词。upon/on意为“一……就”， 或往往跟名词或动名词作宾语。

41.【解析】had heard。考查动词时态。根据固定句型：It is +序数词+time that sb./sth.+完成时，意为“第……次做某事”，且前后时态一致，故用过去完成时。

42.【解析】take。考查祈使句。if引导条件状语从句，有祈使的含义，故用动词原形，符合语境。

43.【解析】has been receiving。考查动词时态。根据语境“since”可知，此处用现在完成时，且与时间状语“every 4～6 weeks”呼应，表示动作持续中，故用现在完成进行时。

44.【解析】to。考查介词。根据固定搭配：be contrary to sth.意为“与……相反”，符合语境，故用介词to。

45.【解析】It。考查代词。It takes sb.some time to do sth.，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，符合语境。

46.【解析】by。考查介词。根据固定搭配：reduce by意为“减少了”，表示净减值，符合语境，故用介词by。

47.【解析】others。考查代词。根据固定搭配：some...others...意为“一些，另外一些”，符合语境，故用代词others，形成对比。

48.【解析】could。考查情态动词。so that引导的状语从句中，从句中经常用情态动词can/could，结合语境，前后时态一致，故用could。

49.【解析】either。考查连词。either用于否定句，意为“也”，肯定句用too，符合语境。

50.【解析】to。考查介词。根据固定短语搭配：belong to意为“属于”，故用“介词to+which”引导定语从句，符合语境。

51.【解析】greater。考查形容词比较级。否定+比较级=最高级，与语境中“than”形成呼应，且修饰名词“comfort”，故用greater。

52.【解析】did。考查倒装。当一个人同另一个人做了同样的事情时，另一个人的行为可以用省略倒装的形式，即：so/neither/nor+助动词+主语的形式，且前后时态一致，故用助动词did。

53.【解析】have worked。考查动词时态。根据时间状语“for the last seven years”可知，本句应用现在完成时，即：have worked。

54.【解析】to find。考查非谓语动词。“only+不定式”结构表示意外的结果，符合语境。

55.【解析】argument。考查词性转换。冠词修饰名词，故用名词形式argument。

56.【解析】instead。考查副词。根据语境“rather than”可知， 此处表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用副词instead修饰动词“monitor”。

57.【解析】violence。考查词性转换。lead to意为“导致”，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用名词形式violence，符合语境。

58.【解析】at。考查介词。表示速度、价格时，经常用介词at。

59.【解析】unless。考查连词。由语境“otherwise”可知，此处表示“除非”的含义，故用连词unless引导状语从句。

60.【解析】must。考查情态动词。根据语境“I am blind”可知，此处表示肯定推测，故用情态动词must。

（作者单位：河南省新密市第二高级中学）