河北 魏 伟

七选五型阅读理解专项训练

河北 魏 伟

七选五型阅读理解是高考英语中占一定比重的重要题型，其中有一种文章结构比较常见，即总分结构。在这类文章中第一部分往往是第一段，是文章的主旨所在，并且往往在第一部分中提出问题或总括事件。文章后半部分往往分条叙述，并且也是以总分的结构，用一句话来说明主旨，下面再具体叙述。以下几篇就是这样的文章。

Passage 1

Iv’e always wanted to start my own business.Iv’e always wanted to start working for myself.Yet I didnt’ make that decision.I finally got started instead of thinking about it or putting it off.And I made it.Maybe youv’e not started on something important to yourself.Maybe you can relate to what Im’ saying，and you feel youv’e been slacking（松懈的）off for too long.You had better get started now.1

1.It’s better than thinking about it.

2 But thinking can also be dangerous when you do too much of it.You can think as much as you like，but thinking isnt’ going to change the situation.In fact，thinking isnt’going to change anything.3 You wont’ go anywhere，as if your’e a human statue.So you had better get started now.

2.It’s better than never taking action.

Do you want to be the man or the woman who never does anything? Do you want to be the man or the woman who never gets started?4 You won’t regret it.

3.5

How long are you going to dream about getting started? How long are you going to dream about how wonderful itl’l be when you do take action? And how long are you going to dream about how much of a difference itl’l make to your life? Theres’ only so much dreaming you can do before you have to turn that dream into action.A dream without action is a fantasy，destined（注定）to never come true.

A.It’s better than dreaming about doing it.

B.Heres’ why getting started is the best way to get started.

C.Thinking will just keep you in the same position your’e already in.

D.Take action and get out of your own head.

E.You can adjust your actions along the way.

F.Thinking about something before you do it is a great quality to have.

G.Its’ better to make a mistake than do nothing at all.

Passage 2

There’s a saying that“ confidence leads to success.”But does it?1 Confidence can play a big role in the workplace，in relationships，and even in your health.2

1. Give yourself a quick confidence by a “power pose.”

Did you know that something as simple as giving a powerful，confident pose can trick your brain into actually feeling more confident? Well，it can.Try this： Next time you’re feeling nervous about something—like a job interview，for example—try taking a couple minutes right before and adopting this pose：3 Studies have shown that this pose can lead to a short-term increase in confidence and reduction in stress.

2.Convince yourself you have the ability to improve.

Now，this sounds like one of those“ easier said than done” type suggestions，but its’ actually not.Think about the things in your life you cant’ change and those you can.You cant’ change your eye color or your height，for example.4 What youl’l find is that there are very few things in life truly set in stone.We all have our own limitations，but as long as we can remind ourselves that wer’e not stuck，we have incentive（动力）to stay motivated.

3.5

Your’e going to fail，and thats’ a given.What matters much more than whether or not you fail is how you react to that failure.Do you get up? Do you come up with a new way，and try again? If we can learn to fail，we can learn to succeed.

A.Fail.Get up.Try again.Repeat.

B.Stand straight up，push your shoulders back and chest out.

C.So let’s take a look at how to get it.

D.With training，that’s possible，too.

E.Science actually proves it is true.

F.But you can change your physical strength through training.

G.But there are not proven methods to improve it.

Passage 3

Youd’ think the human race would have understood sleeping very well by now，but many of us are still sleeping poorly.Part of the problem is that we have wrong informationand beliefs about this important health need.Lets’ set the facts straight.1

1.More sleep is better for you.

There could be such a thing as too much sleep.The amount of sleep we need varies by person and also changes as we age.Harvard researchers found that a lot of sleep（ 9 hours or more）is linked with poor sleep quality.2 Aim for better sleep.

2.3

Alcohol can help most people fall asleep.However，it also can cause you to wake up more during the night，decreasing your sleep quality.Consider drinking non-alcoholic drink before bed instead.

3.If you wake up in the middle of the night，lie in bed until you eventually fall back asleep.

4 We all hope to quickly fall back asleep.So we tend to stay in bed hoping itl’l happen at any minute now.If that doesnt’ happen，though，within 15 minutes，most experts recommend getting out of bed to do something that occupies our bodies and brains without over stimulating us.Try not to check the clock either.

4.You can catch up on sleep on weekends.

When we lose sleep during the week，we accumulate a kind of sleep“ debt”.5 Not so fast.This might actually make you sleepier the next week.Instead of waking up later on the weekends，youd’ better go to sleep earlier or perhaps take a nap in the afternoon.

A.Alcohol helps you sleep.

B.Here are some things you might have been told about sleeping but aren’t completely true.

C.Everyone should get 7～8 hours of sleep per night.

D.So dont’ aim for more sleep—even on the weekends.

E.Waking up in the middle of the night is the pits（ 烦心事），but it happens to all of us.

F.Youl’l have a better day and perhaps sleep better at night.

G.Can you pay that debt back by sleeping on Saturday or Sunday?

【参考答案与解析】

Passage 1

【文章大意】文章作者从自身的创业经历得出结论，即：立即行动是开始的最好方式，并且用三个理由来证明，分别是立即行动优于单纯思考，开始行动优于永远不行动，开始行动优于白日做梦。

1.B。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。作者从自身的创业经历得出结论：一定要立即行动，下面三点分别说明为什么要立即行动。此空起承上启下的作用，故选B项。

2.F。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段标题是立即行动优于单纯思考，开头从思考方面着手，先说明行动之前思考的好处，随后转折说明思考太多也有坏处，故选F项。

3.C。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文提到的“单纯思考会使你像个雕像那样哪儿也去不了”可知，此处提到的应是单纯思考只会使你保持不动，故选C项。

4.D。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据段落小标题“It’s better than never taking action”可知应是讨论采取行动，D选项中含有“Take action”，与小标题相呼应，故选D项。

5.A。考查对上下文的理解和总结能力。根据下文对梦想的描述可知，小标题应是梦想和采取行动的关系，故选A项。

Passage 2

【文章大意】文章从三个方面来描述如何增强一个人的自信心。

1.E。空格前是一个问句，即人们经常说的“自信使人走向成功”是真的吗?后面是对问句的回答，即科学证明这种说法是真的。故选E项。

2.C。空格处是一个承上启下的句子，让我们看看如何增强自信心，而下文是分条叙述，故选C项。

3.B。根据上文“taking a couple minutes right before and adopting this pose（花费几分钟的时间去采取这种姿势）”可知，空格处是描述具体的姿势的，故选B项。

4.F。根据上文提到的在生活中有些事情你不能改变，而有些你能改变，紧接着举例提出一些不能改变的，所以后面空格处应叙述你能改变的，故选F项。

5.A。下文是对空格处的解释说明，空格处是总结，这一部分是在说失败后继续努力你就会成功。故选A项。

Passage 3

【文章大意】本文讲述了关于睡眠的四个误区。

1.B。空格处是对下文的一个总述，即有一些你被告知的关于睡眠的事情不完全是正确的，下文是分条叙述这些关于睡眠的误区。故选B项。

2.D。本段提到的一个睡眠误区是睡得越多越好，空格前提到哈佛研究专家发现睡眠多和睡眠质量差有关，所以不要注重睡太多，应注重睡眠质量，故选D项。

3.A。空格处是对下文的综述，下文讲述的是关于喝酒有助于睡眠这一无趣的解释，故选A项。

4.E。本段标题提及的是半夜醒来人们怎么做，所以后文应介绍人们半夜醒来的反应，故选E项。

5.G。后文是一个回答，前文应是一个问句。故选G项，句意为“我们可以通过周末睡觉来弥补以前的损失吗？”

（作者单位：河北省衡水市阜城中学）