吴秋娟　吴媛

[摘要] 癌痛是造成癌症晚期患者主要痛苦的原因之一，对患者的抗癌治疗和生存质量起着非常重要的影响。本文对广州医科大学附属第五医院肿瘤科建立和实施癌痛规范化治疗示范病房的癌痛护理工作进行了详细介绍，在创建过程中重视医护人员的培训和制订编写相关规章制度，严格按照“疼痛评估-实施镇痛-健康教育-观察记录-随访”的流程进行实施。建立癌痛规范化治疗示范病房后，规范了护士对疼痛处理的流程，提升了护理人员正确处理疼痛的能力，有效促进了患者的治疗和康复，提高了患者的满意度，为我院无痛病房的全面实施起到了很好的示范带头作用。

[关键词] 癌痛；规范化治疗；示范病房；护理

[中图分类号] R197.323 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）02（c）-0133-04

[Abstract] Cancer pain is one of the major pain in patients with advanced cancer，which seriously affect the patient′s quality of life and anticancer therapy.The establishment of demonstration ward of the standardized treatment of cancer pain and implementation of cancer pain nursing work in department of oncology of the Fifth Hospital affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University were introduced detailly in this paper.Nurse training and the relevant regulations creating were attacted importance in the process，and the process accordance with the pain assessment，implementation of analgesia，health education，observation records and follow-up was strictly implemented.After establishing demonstration ward of the standardized treatment of cancer pain，the process of nurses treating the cancer pain was regulated，the ability of the nursing staffs to deal with cancer pain was enhanced，the treatment and rehabilitation of patients was effectively promoted，and the patient satisfaction was improved.This work played a good exemplary role for the full implementation of painless ward in our hospital.

[Key words] Cancer pain；Standardized treatment；Demonstration ward；Nursing

癌性疼痛（简称癌痛）一般是指由肿瘤直接或间接引起的疼痛，是造成癌症晚期患者主要痛苦的原因之一，对患者的抗癌治疗和生存质量起着非常重要的影响。当肿瘤侵犯或压迫神经、神经干、神经根或神经丛，侵犯骨骼或骨膜、五脏六腑、大脑和脊髓，侵犯或堵塞脉管系统，引起局部炎症、溃疡甚至坏死等情况下均可导致最痛苦和难以忍受的疼痛[1-2]。据世界卫生组织（WHO）统计，全世界每天至少有550万癌症患者遭受疼痛的折磨，50%的中期癌症患者伴有疼痛，晚期癌症患者中70%～90%会经历疼痛，其中30%～45%为严重疼痛[3-4]。据WHO最新报告，2012年全球有1400万例癌症病例，预计到2030年这一数字将达到2200万，新发病率数字将增加70%，而我国每年新发癌症病例约337万，死亡约211万，因此，非常有必要开展癌痛的治疗[5-6]。……