唐梦晨　陈娇　徐文杰　李凌

[摘要] 目的 研究银杏叶提取物（EGB）对睡眠剥夺小鼠学习记忆能力的影响及其机制。 方法 选取成年健康清洁级小鼠48只，雌雄各半，根据随机数字表法将小鼠随机分为4组（n=12）：空白组，对照组，治疗Ⅰ组，治疗Ⅱ组，适应性饲养3天，每组筛选出9只进行造模。应用72 h睡眠剥夺法制作动物模型，用Y迷宫成绩（正确反应次数）评定学习记忆能力，免疫组织化学法反映小鼠海马脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）的蛋白表达。 结果 Y迷宫测试结果显示，给药后，对照组与治疗Ⅰ组、对照组与治疗Ⅱ组的正确反应次数差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；对照组给药前后的正确反应次数差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），其余3组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与对照组比较，空白组、治疗Ⅰ组、治疗Ⅱ组海马区的BDNF表达增高，其灰度值差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），但空白组、治疗Ⅰ组、治疗Ⅱ组各组间的灰度值差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论 睡眠剥夺能造成脑损伤、学习记忆能力减退以及BDNF表达减少，EGB可能是通过上调BDNF蛋白及其相关通路蛋白改善睡眠剥小鼠的学习记忆能力。

[关键词] 银杏叶提取物；睡眠剥夺；脑源性神经营养因子；学习记忆

[中图分类号] R332 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）02（c）-0004-04

[Abstract] Objective To study the influence extract of Ginkgo biloba （EGB） on learning and memory ability in sleep-deprivation mice and its mechanism. Methods Forty-eight healthy and clean adult mice were selected，half male and half female，and they were evenly divided into 4 groups according to the random number table method：blank group，control group，treatment groupⅠ， and treatment group Ⅱ，and they were given adaptive feeding for 3 days，9 mice were selected in each group to make model.72-hour of sleep-deprivation method model was applied.The learning and memory ability was evaluated by achievement of Y maze.The protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） in hippocampal area in mice was reflected by immunohistochemistry. Results Test result of Y maze showed that，after administration，there was a statistical difference of right reaction times between control group and treatment groupⅠ，and between control group and treatment groupⅡ （P<0.05）；there was a statistical difference of right reaction times before and after administration in control group （P<0.05），the other three groups had no statistical difference （P>0.05）.Compared with control group，BDNF expression of hippocampal area in blank group，treatment group Ⅰ，and treatment group Ⅱ was improved，and there was a statistical difference of gray value （P<0.05），however，there was no statistical difference of gray value among all groups （blank group，treatment group Ⅰ，and treatment group Ⅱ） （P>0.05）. Conclusion Sleep-derivation can lead to cerebral damage，decreased learning and memory ability，and reduction of BDNF expression，and EGB may improve learning and memory in sleep-deprivation mice by up-regulating BDNF protein and its related pathway protein.

[Key words] Extract of Ginkgo biloba；Sleep-deprivation；Brain-derived neurotrophic factor；Learning and memory

睡眠剥夺（sleep deprivation，SD）一般指在24 h中的睡眠<4 h，可以引起生理，心理甚至行为的变化[1]。机体处于正常睡眠状态下，脑内某些蛋白增加，对新突触的建立及学习记忆有很大的促进作用[2]。有研究[3]表明，中长期SD大鼠前额叶皮质脑源性神经营养因子（brain-derived neurotrophic factor，BDNF）免疫阳性物质表达显著减少，可造成脑损伤，影响学习记忆能力。研究[4]表明，BDNF直接参与学习的可塑性，是管理和存储记忆的动力学因素，可能是调控学习和记忆的一个重要分子标志物。……