谢秀美+蔡光兰+徐永正+柏涌海

摘 要 目的：了解南桥社区学龄前儿童肥胖情况，以便制定有效的防治干预措施。方法：2014年5月对辖区内10所幼儿园共2 379名儿童进行健康体检，并收集体检资料，进行回顾性分析。结果：学龄前儿童超重和肥胖的检出率分别占13.11%和6.89%。超重的发生率3～4岁组为15.56%，肥胖的患病率5～6岁组为8.62%，男童肥胖的患病率检出率为7.83%，女童检出率为5.88%，两者差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：社区儿童超重、肥胖的患病率甚高，与不良生活方式、不合理饮食及缺少锻炼有关，需要社会、家庭、学校、医院齐抓共管。

关键词 儿童 肥胖 防治干预

中图分类号：R723.14 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2016）04-0045-03

Analysis of the prevalence of the obesity in the preschool children in Nanqiao Community of Fengxian District

XIE Xiumei1，2， CAI Guanglan1， XU Yongzheng3， BAI Yonghai4（1. Nanqiao Community Health Service Center of Fengxian District， Shanghai 201499， China；2. The Second Military Medical University， Shanghai 200433， China； 3. Southern Branch of the Sixth Peoples Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University， Shanghai 201499， China； 4. Department of Disease Provention and Health Care， Changzheng Hospital affiliated to the Second Military Medical University， Shanghai 200003， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To find out the prevalence of the obesity in the preschool children in Nanqiao Community so as to make the effective intervention measures for prevention and treatment. Methods： In May 2014， 2 379 children in 10 kindergartens in the area were physically examined and their data were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results： The detection rates of the overweight and obesity were 13.11% and 6.89% in the preschool children， respectively. The prevalence rates of the overweight was 15.56% in the age group of 3～4 years old， and 8.62% in the age group of 5～6 years old， The prevalence rates of the obesity were 7.83% in the boys and 5.88% in the girls， and there was no statistical difference between the two groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion： The prevalence rates of the obesity and overweight in the community children are high and are related to the unhealthy life-style， unreasonable diet and lack of exercise which require the society， family， school， and hospital to involve in the management.

KEY WORD children； obesity； prevention and treatment intervention

肥胖是一种热能代谢障碍，摄入热能超过消耗热能，引起体内脂肪积聚过多所致[1]。儿童肥胖症已成为全球关注的公共卫生问题，同时也成为影响中国城市儿童及青少年的主要健康问题[2]。肥胖对儿童的身心健康可造成近期和远期的危害。值得注意的是，儿童青少年时期的肥胖很可能导致成人肥胖、高血压和脂糖代谢紊乱，而且始于儿童青少年时期的肥胖人群比成人后才肥胖的人群更易患各种慢性疾病[3-4]。为了解儿童肥胖的发病情况，以便制定有效的防治干预，于2014年5月对管辖的10所幼儿园进行肥胖调查，现报道如下。

1 对象与方法

1.1 对象

随机抽取奉贤南桥辖区内的10所幼儿园，对2014年2 379名儿童的“六一”体检资料进行回顾性分析，其中男童1 239人，女童1 140人；3～4岁组儿童 1 022人，5～6岁组儿童1 357人。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 身高和体重测量