朱慧蓉+刘天威

摘 要 目的：了解社区居民参加结直肠癌筛查的意愿和行为，分析影响人群参与结直肠癌筛查的相关因素。方法：对2014年9月至10月前来社区卫生服务中心全科门诊就诊的患者进行问卷调查。结果：接受问卷调查的496位门诊患者中，170位参与了结直肠癌筛查，参与率为34.3%；参加筛查的前三位原因是：全科医生建议（43.3%）、检查免费（32.7%）、有助于早期发现结直肠癌（21.6%）；未参加筛查的前三位原因是：自己患癌症的可能性小（34.3%）、没时间（27.1%）、觉得意义不大（19.1%）；筛查参与意愿与年龄（P=0.033）和目前的工作状态（P=0.046）相关。结论：目前社区居民参与结直肠癌筛查的百分比偏低，全科医生要加强结直肠癌相关知识的宣教，提高居民对结直肠癌筛查工作的重视和参与度。

关键词 结直肠癌 筛查 意愿 门诊患者

中图分类号：R735.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2016）04-0042-03

Survey of the willingness and participation behavior of the patients in the colorectal cancer screening in the general outpatient clinic of a community in Shanghai*

ZHU Huirong， LIU Tianwei

（Tangqiao Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District， Shanghai 200127， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To understand the willingness and behavior of the community residents to participate in the colorectal cancer screening and to analyze the relevant factors which affected the population to participate in it. Methods： A questionnaire survey was conducted among the patients who came to the general outpatient clinic of the community health service center from Sept. to Oct. 2014. Results： Among the 496 out-patients who received the survey by the questionnaire， 170 had participated in the colorectal cancer screening and its participation rate was 34.3%. The top three reasons for participating the screening were the advice of the general practitioners （43.3%）， free examination （32.7%） and helping to early detect colorectal cancer （21.6%）.The top three reasons that people did not participate in the screening were the small possibility of suffering from cancer （34.3%）， having no time（27.1%）， and feeling little significance （19.1%）. The willingness of participating the screening was associated with the age （P=0.033） and the current status of work （P=0.046）. Conclusion： At present， the percentage of the community residents participating in the colorectal cancer screening is low. The family doctors should strengthen the education of the knowledge about the colorectal cancer screening so as to improve the attention and participation of the residents in the colorectal cancer screening.

KEY WORDS colorectal cancer； screening； willingness； out-patient

结直肠癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率位居全球恶性肿瘤第三位[1]。近年来随着城镇化进程的加快及生活水平的提高，我国结直肠癌的发病率及死亡率逐年上升，死亡率已位居恶性肿瘤第5位[2]。结直肠癌是早期治疗预后良好的恶性肿瘤，5年存活率为8%～93%[3-4]。筛查有助于结直肠癌的早发现、早诊断和早治疗，这是预防结直肠癌和降低结直肠癌累积病死率的重中之重。西方发达国家的结直肠癌病死率近年已呈下降趋势，其原因主要是通过筛查及早发现并治疗早期结直肠癌及其癌前病变[5]。如果每一位50岁以上的无症状人群都能定期进行筛查，结直肠癌的发病率可以减少76%～90%，死亡率可以减少60%[6]。……