俞帼英+乐嘉宜+练媛媛

摘 要 目的：对老年人健康管理的效果进行评价与分析，研究探索构建社区“医养结合”服务模式的可行性。方法：选取2014年1月以来在本社区中的独居并患有高血压和糖尿病的老年患者150例作为研究对象。随机分为对照组75例采取常规的社区照顾，观察组75例，在常规社区照顾基础上，加以医养结合的服务模式。对比两组的躯体健康风险指标、日常活动能力、精神健康状况及社会支持情况的评定。结果：观察组的躯体健康风险、日常活动能力、精神健康状况、社会支持情况评分等均明显优于对照组，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：医养结合的干预措施可有效提高社区养老居民的生活质量，维护老年人的健康，建议在社区养老体系中予以推广。

关键词 医养结合 躯体健康风险 日常活动能力 社会支持情况

中图分类号：R193 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2016）02-0047-03

The feasibility research of the exploration and construction of the elderly health management under the service mode of the medical service combined with endowment service

YU Guoying， LE Jiayi， LIAN Yuanyuan

（Ruijinerlu Community Health Service Center of Huangpu District， Shanghai 200020， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To evaluate and analyze the elderly health management effect to research the feasibility of the exploration and construction of the service mode of the medical service combined with endowment service. Methods： One hundred and fifty elderly people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus， who lived alone in the community since January， 2014 were selected as the research objects， and randomly divided into a control group with 75 cases to take the conventional community care， and an observation group with 75 cases to take the conventional community care and to be added the service mode of the medical service combined with endowment service. The assessments of the physical health risk index， the daily activity ability， the mental health status and social support were compared between two groups. Results： The scores of the physical health risk， daily activity ability， mental health status and social support of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group and the difference between two groups had the statistical significance （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The intervention measure of the medical service combined with endowment service can effectively improve the life quality of the residents of the community endowment and maintain their health， which is recommended to be promoted in the community endowment system.

KEY WOARDS medical service combined with endowment service； physical health risk； daily activity ability； social support

近年来，世界卫生组织持续关注“老龄化与健康”的问题。有统计显示，2012年我国65岁及以上人口占总人口的比重为9.4%[1]，远超过国际上通行的将7%作为进入老龄化社会的标准。随着我国人口老龄化的加剧，失能老人逐渐成为长期照护的主要服务对象。全国老龄工作委员会办公室2011年发布《全国城乡失能老年人状况研究》，根据这项调查，2010年末全国失能老年人约3 300万人，占总体老年人口的19.0%。其中完全失能老人有1 080万人，占总体老年人口6.23%。据人口老龄化趋势预测，到2015年，中国失能老年人将达4 000万人[2]。有效的养老方式可以提高老年人的生活质量，本文探索医养结合服务模式的作用效果。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2014年1月1日以来户籍地和实际居住地均在本社区的独居并患有高血压和糖尿病的老年患者150例作为研究对象，将其中75例老人设为对照组，其中男性49例，女性26例，年龄80～88岁，平均（83.39±2.07）岁；……