张雨康，牛丽娟，刘隽颖，李正江

中国医学科学院肿瘤医院超声科，北京 100021



超声引导下经皮无水酒精注射在良性甲状腺囊性结节治疗中的研究进展

张雨康，牛丽娟，刘隽颖，李正江

中国医学科学院肿瘤医院超声科，北京 100021

［摘要］随着超声技术等检查方法的发展和普及，甲状腺结节的检出率逐渐增高。手术是治疗甲状腺结节的传统治疗方法。但因手术创伤、并发症和治疗后生活质量等因素，微创治疗逐渐被推荐应用。国外大量研究认为，对于单纯囊性和囊实性甲状腺良性病变较常用的微创治疗方法为超声引导下经皮无水酒精注射。现回顾近年来国外有关经皮无水酒精对囊性甲状腺良性结节治疗的研究，并作一综述。

［关键词］经皮无水酒精注射；甲状腺囊性结节；超声；治疗

Advances in research on ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection for treatment of benign cystic thyroid nodules

ZHANG Yukang, NIU Lijuan, LIU Junying, LI Zhengjiang
（Department of Ultrasound, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China）Correspondence to:NIU Lijuan E-mail:niulijuan8197@126.com

［Abstract］Because of development and popularization of the ultrasound techniques, the detection rate of nodal thyroid has increased.Surgery is the long-established therapeutic option.However, due to the surgical trauma, complications and the efect on quality of life, various minimally invasive treatments have been proposed and widely used.A large number of foreign studies have shown that ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection is a more commonly used minimally invasive way to treat benign pure cystic and predominantly cystic thyroid nodules.This article provides an up-to-date review of the overseas studies and summarized on percutaneous ethanol injection for the treatment of benign cystic thyroid nodules.

［Key words］Percutaneous ethanol ablation; Cystic thyroid nodule; Ultrasound; Treatment

近年来，随着甲状腺结节检出率的日益提高，超声引导下经皮无水酒精注射（percutaneous ethanol injection，PEI）在甲状腺良性结节特别是有囊性成分的结节中应用广泛。甲状腺结节中有15%～25%的无临床症状结节为囊性（囊性成分＞90%）或以囊性为主（囊性成分占50%～90%），且大部分为良性［1］。目前，治疗甲状腺囊性结节的主要方法为外科手术。但因手术创伤大、影响美观、术后生活质量明显下降及价格等因素的影响，微创介入技术如PEI、射频消融（radiofrequency ablation，RFA）、微波消融等广泛应用于临床。本研究主要阐述国外PEI在良性甲状腺囊性结节治疗方面的研究进展。

1 原理

甲状腺囊性成分来源于化生的鳞状上皮细胞、甲状舌管的柱状上皮细胞和甲状腺滤泡性肿瘤或腺瘤的退行性变。……