2 029名农村老年人体检结果分析及健康管理探讨

2016-01-21

上海医药 2015年8期

金梅红

（上海市奉贤区南桥镇社区卫生服务中心上海 201400）

摘要目的：了解南桥辖区内65岁以上农村老年人的健康状况、影响健康的主要因素和疾病，为更好地开展农村老年人健康干预管理提供科学依据。方法：按照《上海市公共卫生服务规范》老年人健康管理服务规范的要求，由经过统一培训的社区医生对辖区内65岁以上农村老年人开展免费健康检查，提供超声、心电图、血糖、血脂等检查项目并对检查结果进行统计分析。结果：共2 029名65岁以上老年人参与体检，体检率59.5%；检出各类疾病和指标异常共1 859人，占91.6%。各类常见慢性病中高血压粗患病率为48.1%，糖尿病为7.3%；超声检出血吸虫肝高达52.7%，其次为脂肪肝25.9%；血清胆固醇、血糖、血尿酸、血清三酰甘油异常检出率较高，依次为28.7%、27.5%、22.7%、18.5%。中医体质辨识显示，老年人常见的体质为阴虚质、气虚质、湿热质、痰湿质和平和质，分别占24.0%、20.6%、14.6%、13.7%、10.8%。结论：健康体检对老年人了解自身健康状况，提高自我保健意识非常重要，可针对危险因素采取健康干预措施。

关键词体检健康管理老年人

Analysis of the physical examination results of 2 029 rural elderly people and exploration of the health management

JIN Meihong

(Nanqiao Community Health Service Center of Fengxian District, Shanghai 201400, China)

ABSTRACTObjective: To understand the health condition of the rural elderly people over 65 years old, the main factors influencing their health and diseases to provide a scientific basis to carry out the health intervention management for them. Methods: In accordance with the elderly health management service specification requirements of the “Shanghai public health service specification”, the unified trained community doctors developed the free physical examination for the rural elderly population over 65 in this area and provided ultrasound, ECG, blood glucose, blood lipids and other inspection items and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 2 029 elderly people over 65 years old participated in the physical examination, and the physical examination rate was 59.5%. A variety of diseases and abnormal index were checked out in 1 859 people, accounting for 91.6%. The crude prevalence rate of hypertension was 48.1%, diabetes 7.3%, ultrasonic detection of schistosoma liver up to 52.7%, and the next the fatty liver 25.9% in variety of diseases. The detection rates of serum cholesterol, blood glucose, blood uric acid, and serum triglyceride were high and followed by 28.7%, 27.5%, 22.7% and 18.5%, respectively. The constitution of traditional Chinese medicine identification displayed the physique for yin deficiency, qi deficiency, damp heat, phlegm dampness and flat and quality were common in the elderly and accounted for 24.0%,20.6%,14.6%,13.7%,10.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The health physical examination is very important for the elderly people to understand their own health and improve the self health care consciousness and the health interventions corresponding measurers should be taken according to the risk factors.

KEY WORDSphysical examination; health management; elderly people

按照联合国进入老龄化的标准，从2007年起，我国65岁以上老年人达9.35%，正式步入老龄化社会[1]。本研究汇总分析奉贤区南桥镇社区卫生服务中心辖区内2013年农村老年人的健康体检资料，分析老年人健康状况及疾病谱特点，并针对性地开展健康干预和管理，提高老年人整体健康水平和生命质量。