家族导向、创业导向与家族企业成长
2015-10-28代吉林张支南盛志鹏
代吉林 张支南 盛志鹏



摘要:以组织学习为调节变量,研究家族导向、创业导向与家族企业成长之间的关系。通过181份家族企业调查问卷数据的实证检验结果显示,家族导向和创业导向分别与家族绩效及企业绩效形成倒U型关系,但这种关系在组织学习的调节下会被矫正;家族导向和创业导向的交互作用对于家族绩效和企业绩效都有显著正相关作用。上述结果说明,适度的家族导向和创业导向及其有效耦合是家族企业成长的重要机制,组织学习能力则有助于家族导向和创业导向的耦合。
关键词:家族导向;创业导向;组织学习;家族企业成长
DOI:10.13956/j.ss.1001-8409.2015.10.12
中图分类号:F2765 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-8409(2015)10-0053-06
Abstract:Taking organization learning as adjustment variable, this paper researches the relationship between family orientation, entrepreneurial orientation and family business growth. The empirical results based on 181 family business questionnaire data show that: there is a inverted U relationship between family orientation and corporate performance, between entrepreneurial orientation and family performance, but these relationships will be corrected in the regulation of organization learning. The interaction between family orientation and entrepreneurial orientation has a significantly positive effect on performance of family and business. This means the interconnection between family orientation and entrepreneurial orientation is a very important mechanism in the development of family business.
Key words:family orientation; entrepreneurial orientation; organization learning; family business growth
1研究背景
家族企业的强生命力与其家族导向和创业导向密不可分。以“信任、忠诚、相互支持”为特征的家族导向能为企业提供低成本资源,降低代理成本[1]。以“创新性、前瞻性和风险承担性”为特征的创业导向能帮助企业实现产品技术更新、寻找新市场机会,提升企业绩效。因此,家族导向和创业导向的有效耦合能创造出基于低代理成本和低资源成本、且有较强环境适应力的家族企业动态能力,成为其成长的重要机制。
但是,低“家族导向”因导致家族内部缺乏信任和忠诚使企业无法获得低成本资源,高“家族导向”因保护家族成员利益而形成强烈的家族利他主义,[2]产生家族员工搭便车、卸责等行为,使家族思想行为出现僵化并在市场决策上过于保守,进而降低环境适应力。……
