黑龙江省土壤和芦苇系统中阴阳离子空间变异
2015-10-21高远田龙高卓等
高远 田龙 高卓等



摘要 采用离子色谱分析和原子分光光度计的方法,测出黑龙江省5个样点6~10月土壤和芦苇(Phragmites communis)中的Cl-、NO-3、SO2-4、K+、Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+含量,初步分析黑龙江省芦苇-土壤系统中Cl-、NO-3、SO2-4、K+、Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+空间变异规律。结果表明,芦苇中阴阳离子含量普遍高于土壤。土壤中Cl-、K+和Na+的空间分布具有相似性,都表现为大庆离子含量显著高于其他样点。Mg2+和Ca2+空间分布也具有相似性,均表现为牡丹江含量相对较高,同江和大庆含量相对较低。芦苇中阴阳离子在同江含量最低,可能与气候条件有关。
关键词 黑龙江省;植土系统;阴阳离子;时空变异
中图分类号 S158.3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)20-092-06
Abstract This paper got the contents of the chloride(Cl-), nitrate(NO-3),sulfate(SO2-4), potassium(K+), sodium(Na+), magnesium(Mg2+), calcium(Ca2+) in soil and Phragmites communis by ion chromatography and elemental analysis of 5 sampling sites in Heilongjiang Province, from June to October in 2011. The objective of this
study was to analyze spatial and temporal variation characteristics of chloride(Cl-), nitrate(NO-3), sulfate(SO2-4), potassium(K+), sodium(Na+), magnesium(Mg2+), calcium(Ca2+) in Phragmites communissoil ecosystem in Heilongjiang Province. The main results were drawn as following: The average contents of chloride, nitrate, sulfate, potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium in Phragmites communis were higher than in soil. The spatial variation of chloride, potassium, sodium in soil were homogeneous, Daqing reached the highest content during this three kinds of anions. The spatial variation of magnesium and calcium were homogeneous, Mudanjiang reached the highest content during this two kinds of anions. Tongjiang and Daqing reached the lowest content. The spatial variation of chloride, nitrate, sulfate, potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium in Phragmites communis were lowest in Tongjiang. The influence factor maybe the climatic.
Key words Heilongjiang Province; Phragmites communissoil system; Cation and anion; Spatial and temporal variation
植物中的陰阳离子对植物生长发育至关重要。植物SO2-4对植物蛋白质的合成、酶的活性、叶绿素的形成等具有重要影响[1]。Cl-可以参加光合作用,维持细胞内的电荷平衡,增强植物抗病性等[2]。NO-3对植物生长发育至关重要,是植物体内核酸、蛋白质、酶等物质的主要组成成分,也是植物吸收氮的主要形式之一[3]。Mg2+不仅作为叶绿素的成分,而且参与光合磷酸化和磷酸化作用。K+作为植物体内多种酶的活化剂,能够促进作物光合作用的进行[4]。Na+在叶肉叶绿体的原初反应中CO2受体PEP羧化酶的再生中起关键性的作用。在缺少Na+的生境中,其正常的光合作用受到干扰,光合产物减少,从而影响盐生植物正常的生长发育。Ca2+是植物必需的一种矿质营养元素,对维持细胞壁、细胞膜以及膜结合蛋白的稳定性,调节无机离子运输,且作为细胞内生理生化反应的第二信使偶联外信号,调控多种酶活性等都具有重要的作用[5]。……
