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寿阳县农业气候资源调查及气象灾害防御对策

2015-10-21王丽英郭斌李延晖等

安徽农业科学 2015年20期

王丽英 郭斌 李延晖等

摘要 [目的]掌握该地区农业气候资源、气象灾害规律及防御对策。[方法]以寿阳县气象局多年历史资料为依据,分析了寿阳县农业气候资源和主要气象灾害,并提出了一些防御对策。[结果]寿阳县光能资源充沛,光合生产潜力大;热量资源特征有利于温带多种农作物种植;昼夜温差大,雨热同季,使水、热资源利用率提高;但降水量的年际变化大,季节变化不稳定;自然灾害频繁,危害严重,主要气象灾害有干旱、暴雨洪涝、冰雹、霜冻、大风、寒潮、雷电、暴雪、大雾和连阴雨。气象灾害对经济社会发展、工农业生产、人民群众生命财产安全以及生态环境影响很大。[结论]要避免或减轻气象灾害对人类社会造成的损失,就要摸清它发生的规律、易发区域和灾情状况,从而制定出防御对策。

关键词 气候资源;气象灾害;调查研究;防御对策

中图分类号 S42 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)20-221-03

Abstract [Objective] To master the agricultural climatic resources and meteorological disasters and prevention countermeasures. [Method] Based on several years historical data in Shouyang County, the agricultural climate resources and main meteorological disasters were analyzed, several defensive strategies were put forward.

[Result] The main meteorological disasters include drought, rainstorm, flood, hail, frost, wind, cold wave, thunder and lighting, blizzard, dense fog, continuous rain. The meteorological disaster has significant effects on economic social development, industrial and agricultural production, people's life and property security and ecoenvironment. [Conclusion] To avoid or mitigate the losses caused by meteorological disasters to human society, it is necessary to find out the laws which it occurs, disaster prone areas and the situation, establish defensive countermeasures.

Key words Climate resources; Meteorological disasters; Investigation; Defense strategies

山西省壽阳县属全国商品粮基地县和全国无公害蔬菜生产基地县,同时也是全国能源生产大县。要实现寿阳经济的腾飞,必须有效地控制和减少灾害。近年来,寿阳气象局致力于“三个”体系的建设,建立了政府多部门联合的防灾减灾应急体系,开发了山洪地质灾害气象预报预警系统,深化了人工影响天气作业指挥系统,创建了集管理、服务、采集、发布、展示、浏览、查询等功能为一体的现代农业综合全覆盖系统,成为山西省防灾减灾示范县,为寿阳防灾减灾做出了贡献。……

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