钱淑媛　王福强　憨素连等

摘要 [目的]研究饲料中添加复合益生菌粉对刺参生长、体壁成分和消化酶活性的影响。[方法] 在基础日粮中分别添加含有0、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%的复合益生菌粉（由枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、酿酒酵母菌组成，含有106CFU/g）进行喂养试验，养殖8周。[结果]随着复合益生菌添加量的提高，刺参增重率和特殊生长率有增加趋势。与对照组相比，添加0.8%的复合益生菌能显著提高刺参的增重率和特定生长率（P<0.05）。复合益生菌对刺参成活率和体壁成分均无显著影响（P>0.05）。复合益生菌对刺参肠道的消化酶活性也无显著影响（P>0.05），但有提高刺参肠道脂肪酶活性的趋势。当益生菌添加量为0.4%时，刺参脂肪酶活性最高。[结论]复合益生菌粉能够促进刺参的生长。当益生菌添加量为0.8%时刺参的生长较好。

关键词 复合益生菌；刺参；生长；消化酶活性

中图分类号 S816 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2015）20-129-04

Abstract [Objective] The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of compound probiotics powder on the growth，body wall composition and digestive enzyme activity of sea cucumber，Apostichopus japonicus.[Method] Five diets were formulated by supplementing with 0.0%（control），0.4%，0.6% and 0.8% compound probiotics （Bacillus subtilis，Lactobacilli acidophilus，Saccharomyces cerevisiae，106cfu/g） in basal diet，respectively.The experiment lasted for 8 weeks.[Result] Weight gain and specific growth rate had an increasing trend with increasing compound probiotics，weight gain and specific growth rate in sea cucumber fed the diets with 0.8% supplementation were significantly higher than that of control group （P<0.05）.There were no significant difference on survival rate and body wall composition among treatments （P>0.05）.Although there were no significant difference on digestive enzyme activity （P>0.05），sea cucumber fed the diets with compound probiotics showed higher trends of lipase activity than those fed the control diet.The highest lipase activity appeared in 0.4% supplementation group.[Conclusion] Diet supplementing with 0.8% compound probiotics can promote the growth performance of sea cucumber .

Key words Compound probiotics； Apostichopus japonicus； Growth performance； Digestive enzyme activity

刺參是棘皮动物门、海参纲的动物，是我国黄渤海海域最具经济价值的水产养殖品种之一。大规模、高密度的刺参人工养殖、药物滥用常常会导致刺参的疾病和死亡大规模爆发等问题。在饲料中添加益生菌，不仅可以提高养殖动物的增重率，而且可以增强养殖动物的免疫力，降低疾病的发生几率，是实现生态养殖的重要方式。

大量研究表明，益生菌对鱼类的生长有积极作用[1-3]。益生菌还可以产生多种酶类，减少细菌毒素毒害的发生[4]。

复合益生菌比单一益生菌对水产动物有更好的作用效果。胡毅等[5]用复合益生菌和单一益生菌投喂凡纳滨对虾，复合益生菌组的特定生长率、饲料效率、溶菌酶活力和血清蛋白浓度等均优于单一益生菌组。Sa……