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山东省3个克氏原螯虾地理群体线粒体COⅠ基因的序列差异分析

2015-10-21杨玲李宁朱树人等

安徽农业科学 2015年20期

杨玲 李宁 朱树人等

摘要 利用PCR技术扩增山东境内的3个克氏原鳌虾地理群体(济南小清河、东平湖和微山湖)CO Ⅰ基因片段,得到长度约为874bp的片段,分析比较了3群体87尾克氏原螯虾CO Ⅰ基因序列的变异和遗传结构。结果显示,87条序列共检测到8个变异位点,存在6种单倍型。单倍型多样性(H)为0.174,核苷酸多样性(Pi)为0.0036,单倍型多样性(H)以东平湖群体最高(0.243 ),微山湖群体其次(0.204),小清河群体最低(0.000);3群体的核苷酸多样性(H)均较低(<0.001)。分子变异等级分析(AMOVA)表明,3群体间总的遗传分化指数(Fst)为0.023 85(P>0.05),群体间的遗传变异仅占总遗传变异的2.38%,而97.62%的遗传变异源于群体内,群体间遗传分化指数与遗传距离均较低。表明山东克氏原鳌虾野生群体的遗传多样性较低,具有较低的遗传分化水平。

关键词 克氏原鳌虾; CO Ⅰ;遗传多样性

中图分类号 S917;Q958.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)20-041-04

Abstract By PCR amplification, partial CO Ⅰ sequences with an aligned length of 874 bp were obtained from 3 Procambarus clarkii geographical population (Xiaoqing River in Jinan, Dongping Lake and Weishan Lake) in Shandong Province. Variation and genetic structure of partial CO Ⅰ sequences were analyzed from 87 individuals of these populations. A total of 6 haplotypes and 8 variable sites were detected. The highest haplotype diversity was in Dongping Lake population (0.243), while the lowest haplotype diversity was Xiaoqing River population (0.000). AMOVA showed that the FST among 3 population were 0.023 85 (P>0.05). Genetic variation among populations accounted for only 2.38% of the total genetic variation, while 97.62% of genetic variation was from groups. Index of genetic differentiation and genetic distance between groups were lower. Results indicated that the genetic diversity of these 3 wild populations was low, and the 3 wild populations had lower genetic differentiation.

Key words Procambarus clarkii; CO Ⅰ; Genetic diversity

克氏原鰲虾(Procambarus clarkii) 俗称小龙虾,属螯虾科原螯虾属,其肉味鲜美, 高蛋白低脂肪, 富含钙、磷、铁等矿物质,深受消费者喜爱。现已广泛分布于我国中东部地区十余个省市,成为一些湖泊和沟渠的优势种群[1],是我国重要的水产经济物种。分子标记是分析群体遗传多样性的一种有效手段,学者利用AFLP、SSR、ISSR、RAPD等方法对克氏原螯虾群体的遗传多样性进行研究,黄羽等[2]、宋亮等[3]利用AFLP方法进行克氏原螯虾遗传多样性分析,揭示了长江中下游地区6个群体的遗传变异主要存在于群体内,随州、济南、宁波和常熟4群体具有丰富的遗传多样性,且群体间存在较明显的遗传分化;王长忠等[4]、邢智珺等[5]利用SSR方法进行了克氏原螯虾遗传多样性分析,揭示了长江4个群体遗传多样性处于中等水平,江苏8个地理群体遗传多样性水平较高且群体间存在中度分化;韩……

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