陆皓　王丹　许国辉等

[摘 要] 目的：分析CT高压增强扫描中造影剂渗漏发生影响因素及发生概率，寻找预防措施。方法：回顾性分析我院做CT增强扫描而出现造影剂渗漏患者38例资料。结果：在发生造影剂渗漏患者38例中，由于患者血管较差导致建立静脉通道时留置针软管进入血管较浅导致造影剂外漏患者9例，占23.68%；由于病人放化疗后导致其血管弹性降低、脆性增加导致外漏的患者18例，占47.37%；由于病人在建立静脉通道后等待检查时未保护好静脉通道以至于造影剂外漏患者8例，占21.05%；由于留置针本身质量问题导致造影剂外漏患者3人，占7.89%。结论：绝大部分造影剂渗漏为可干预因素，通过制定预判断，预处理方案，可明显降低渗漏事件发生概率。

[关键词] 造影剂渗漏；预防

中图分类号：R445 文献标识码： B 文章编号：2095-5200（2015）05-118-02

[Abstract] Objective： to use the probability of pressure leakage during contrast media in CT scan to illustrate the the influence factors and prevention. Methods： Collecting 38 patients whose contrast leakage during CT Injection Scans in our hospital between 2013.12.26 to 2014.08.25，Each patient were recorded and analysis the causes of leakage in contrast agenting and the prevention measures. Results：In 38 patients with leakage， Due to poor patients in patients with vascular establishing intravenous indwelling needle tube into the shallow vessels leads to contrast leakage in 9 patients， accounting for 23.68%；Due to radiation and chemotherapy patients after the blood vessel elasticity decreased， fragility increase lead to leakage of 18 cases of patients with 47.37%；Because the patient waiting for inspection after establishing venous channel to protect that intravenous contrast agent of 8 patients with leakage， accounting for 21.05%；Contrast leakage due to needle itself quality problems in patients with 3 people， accounting for 7.89%. Conclusion： in 38 patients ，regardless of the quality problem of the needle itself， the remaining 92.11% of the leakage of contrast media events are our medical staff can intervene， we carefully summarize the type and the probability of each contrast leakage incident， completes the preliminary judgment and pretreatment， strive to minimize the probability of adverse events.

[Key words] Contrast Leakage；prevention

CT增强扫描是利用高压注射器通过静脉通道快速注射造影剂，以求获得最大图像对比度一种CT扫描方式[1-2]。随着CT机及高压注射器普及，随之而来不良事件也时有发生，最常见的属高压注射时造影剂渗漏 [3]。本文作者对2013年12月26日至2014年8月25日期间在本院进行CT增强扫描时出现造影剂渗漏38例患者进行统计分析，旨在探讨造影剂渗漏这一不良事件影响因素及预防措施。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

2013年12月26日至2014年8月25日我院进行CT增强扫描出现造影剂渗漏患者38例，其中男性15例、女性23例，年龄48～67岁、平均57岁；体重46～74kg、平均体重60kg。

1.2 方法

扫描仪为GE公司Lightspeed VCT（64排），美国MEORAO公司双筒高压注射器，B.BRAUN公司22G一次性静脉留置针，造影剂为碘佛醇注射液，规格为320mg I/mL。……