肖义炜　李春强　李文彬　孙建波　曾会才　彭明

摘 要 目前对于香蕉枯萎病菌的致病分子机制尚不十分清楚。为了阐明枯萎病菌的致病分子机制，从香蕉枯萎病菌1号（Foc1）和4号小种（Foc4）的比较蛋白质组学分析发现的表达量差异较大的蛋白中，选取了9个致病相关蛋白或潜在的致病基因，利用荧光定量PCR方法进行基因表达谱分析。结果显示：与对照相比，巴西蕉处理的Foc4中，上调表达的基因有：酰胺转移酶基因（amidotransferase）、线粒体过氧化物还原酶基因（mitochondrial peroxiredoxin）、几丁质酶基因（chitinnase 1）、羧肽酶基因（carboxypeptidase cpds），差异表达不明显的有腺苷激酶基因（adenosine kinase）、NADP-依赖型甘油脱氢酶基因（NADP-dependent glycerol dehydrogenase）、磷酸甘油酸激酶基因（phosphoglycerate kinase）、谷胱甘肽还原酶基因（glutathione reductase）、酰胺酶基因（amidase family protein）。Foc1中，与对照相比，上调表达的基因有：腺苷激酶基因、NADP-依赖型甘油脱氢酶基因，下调表达的基因有：酰胺转移酶基因、羧肽酶基因。综合分析显示，酰胺转移酶、过氧化物酶、几丁质酶、羧肽酶基因可能在Foc4的致病作用中起作用。

关键词 香蕉枯萎病；尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型；基因表达谱；致病相关基因

中图分类号 S668.1 文献识别码 A

Abstract The understanding of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense molecular pathogenic mechanism is still not clear. Nine pathogenesis related protein genes or potential virulence genes were selected from lots of differences expression proteins discovered in comparative proteomic analysis of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 and race 4 and to analyze the gene expression profile by real time PCR. The results indicated that amidotransferase，mithchondrial peroxiredoxin，chitinnase 1，carboxypeptidase cpds were up-regulated compared with the controls in Foc4 group induced by Musa AAA Cavendish cv Brazil. Adenosine，NADP-dependent glycerol dehydrogenase，phosphoglycerate kinase，glutathione reductase and amidase family protein expressions were barely noticeable difference in two races. In Foc1，adenosine and NADP-dependent glycerol dehydrogenase were up-regulated in induced group compared with the control group. Amidotransferase and carboxypeptidase cpds were down-regulated. Those suggested that amidotransferase，mithchondrial peroxiredoxin，chitinnase 1 and carboxypeptidase cpds might play an important role in the pathogenesis of Foc4.

Key words Banana wilt； Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense； Gene expression profile； Pathogenicity-related gene

doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2015.11.009

香蕉（Musa spp.）生長在热带、亚热带，是全世界最主要的水果之一；也是发展中国家最重要的四大作物之一[1]。尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense，Foc）引起的香蕉枯萎病，也称巴拿马病，是目前防治难度大、蔓延快的土传维管束病害，严重影响世界各香蕉生产国香蕉产业的发展。香蕉枯萎病病原菌有4个生理小种，其中1号和4号小种分布最广，危害性最大[2]。20世纪40年代至60年代，1号小种引起的香蕉枯萎病的爆发，导致香蕉在世界范围毁灭性破坏。……