枇杷花蕾毒理学安全性评价
2015-10-21潘峰类成祥高燕於怀龙李凌坤高金典高辉煌李国生
潘峰 类成祥 高燕 於怀龙 李凌坤 高金典 高辉煌 李国生



摘 要 以枇杷花蕾浓缩液为受试样品,进行昆明种小鼠急性毒性试验和SD大鼠的亚慢性毒性试验,分析评价枇杷花蕾浓缩液的食品安全性毒理学。结果表明:昆明种小鼠经枇杷花蕾浓缩液60 g/kg(试剂量/体质量)灌胃14 d后,雌、雄小鼠的活动、体征表现均为正常,并未出现急性中毒与死亡情况;SD大鼠经过连续90 d给予枇杷花蕾浓缩液3~12 g/kg灌胃,各处理组SD大鼠表现情况良好,体质量、食物利用率、脏器质量、脏器系数均无异常改变,血常规和生化指标正常,肝肾脾各脏器质量和组织结构正常,未见与样品有关的病理改变。根据急性毒性剂量分级标准可初步判定枇杷花蕾属无毒级物质。
关键词 枇杷;花蕾浸提液;安全性;急性毒性;亚慢性毒性
中图分类号 S667.3 文献标识码 A
Abstract Concentrated loquat bud extract was used in acute (14 days) and sub-chronic (90 days) toxicity test via intragastric administration to evaluate its safety as well as toxicity. The results showed acute oral administration of loquat flower buds extract in mice, 60 g/kg BW per day each mouse(about 600 times equivalent to the human body recommended dose), the activities and physical signs of male and female mice were normal, acute poisoning and death did not happen; Sub-chronic toxicity test showed the measured parameters were normal, no observed adverse effect level at the highest dosage of 12 g/kg BW(about 120 times) was found. It confirmed there is no acute or sub-chronic toxicity in loquat buds extract leaching under our experimental conditions.
Key words Loquat;Bud extract;Safety;Acute toxicity;Subchronic toxicity
doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2015.11.027
據《本草纲目》记载,枇杷花具有“止渴下气、利肺、止吐逆、去焦热、润五脏”及“治头风、鼻涕清涕”等功效[1]。枇杷花不仅富含硒、锌、镁、钙、铁等矿物质,还含有类黄酮、类胡萝卜素、酚酸类及氨基酸等生物活性成分,因此,枇杷花具有较高的药用及保健价值。中国枇杷花资源丰富,枇杷产量占世界总产量的70%,其应用前景广阔[2]。近年来,随着保健枇杷花蕾特定提取物的原料向中药及复方药等扩展,一些以枇杷花为功效成分的茶品也逐渐出现在市场上。由于枇杷花的天然组分复杂,代谢途径多通路,某些成分在人体内一定含量范围内可治疗疾病、改善健康,但若某特定成分摄入或蓄积量过大,也不排除会对人体产生慢性危害的可能[3]。……
