中小零售企业农产品供应链后向一体化动因分析
2015-09-09张浩雷有春
张浩 雷有春
摘要:以H公司为研究对象,运用规范的案例研究方法,包括实地访谈、二手资料收集、数据编码,得出了中小零售企业农产品供应链后向一体化的动因:①本地符合质量标准的农产品供应商的数量少;②与上游供应商的交易频繁,交易费用高;③供应商的违约风险大;④本土连锁超市规模大、分店集中。本研究可为中小型零售企业有效地管理农产品供应链提供建议和参考。
关键词:农产品供应链;后向一体化;供应商;质量标准
中图分类号:F304 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)14-3557-06
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.14.057
The Motivation Analysis of Backward Integration of the Agricultural Products Supply Chain for Small and Medium-sized Retail Enterprises ——A Case Study Based on H Companys Agricultural Products Supermarket Docking
ZHANG Hao,LEI You-chun
(College of Finance and Economics, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)
Abstract: Taking H company as research object, using the norminal case study method, including field interviews, secondary data collection and data coding,the motivation of backward integration of the agricultural products supply chain for Small and Medium-sized Retail Enterprises were presented. ①A small number of local agricultural products suppliers meet the quality standards;②Frequent deal with upstream suppliers and high transaction costs;③BIg default risk of the suppliers;④Large scale of local chain supermarket and concentrated distribution of subbranches. The study could provide advices and references for small and medium-sized retail enterprises to effectively manage agricultural products supply chain.
Key words: supply chain of agricultural products; backward integration; supplier; quality standards
為了解决农产品流通问题,2008 年 12 月商务部、农业部联合下发了《关于开展农超对接试点工作的通知》,对农超对接试点工作进行部署。农超对接成为我国农产品流通的新兴模式。这种模式能够带动当地农民专业合作社和其他农业生产经营组织的正规化、规范化建设,提高农产品品质和质量安全保障水平[1]。农超对接的实质是农产品供应链节点的减少与链条的缩短,目前我国农产品供应链组织模式主要有两种。第一种“零售企业+合作社+基地”是指零售企业与农民专业合作社等组织保持长期的合作关系,按照零售企业内部的质量标准,与其签订长期的采购协议。但是,由于现阶段缺少足够的符合零售企业供货要求的农民专业合作社,而且生鲜农产品易腐的自然属性决定了生鲜农产品供应链的各环节之间必须紧密衔接,要求产品的周转周期尽可能短。因此,第二种自建基地模式应运而生。……
