王书珍等

摘要：采用简单序列重复区间扩增多态性分子标记（Inter -simple sequence repeat， ISSR）技术，对龟峰山3个野生杜鹃（Rhododendron simsii Planch.）居群共23个种质材料进行了遗传多样性分析与评价。运用40条ISSR引物共筛选出7条扩增条带清晰、重复性好和多态性高的引物；筛选出来的7条ISSR引物共扩增出79条清晰的条带，其中多态性条带有74条，平均多态性位点比率为93.67%，等位基因数Na和有效等位基因数Ne分别为1.962 0和1.555 4，奈氏基因多样性指数h为0.330 8 ，香农氏信息指数I为0.499 0，表明龟峰山古杜鹃群落具有较高的遗传多样性，其中Rho-M和Rho-H两个居群之间的遗传距离小至0.069 8，亦即这两个居群之间的分化最小。试验从分子层面对古杜鹃的遗传多样性分析将对龟峰山古杜鹃种质资源的评价、保存以及杜鹃新品种的选育提供理论支撑。

关键词：杜鹃（Rhododendron simsii Planch.）；简单序列重复区间扩增多态性分子标记；遗传多样性；种质资源；龟峰山

中图分类号：S685.21；Q503；Q16（634MC） 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）12-2931-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.12.031

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Ancient Rhododendron simsii from

the Guifeng Mountain by ISSR Markers

WANG Shu-zhen，ZHA San-sheng，FANG Jiao，LI Zhi-liang，ZHANG Ming-ju，GAN Jian-ping，JIN Wei-bin

（Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resource Comprehensive Utilization/College of Chemistry and Life Science， Huanggang Normal University， Huanggang 438000， Hubei， China）

Abstract： Genetic diversity of three wide rhododendron（Rhododendron simsii Planch.） populations （23 individuals in total） sampled from the Guifeng Mountain， was evaluated with Inter -simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. Among the 40 ISSR primers，7 could amplify clear and high polymorphic bands. Additionally， the polymorphic ISSR markers gave out 79 clear bands， and 74 of them were polymorphic， with a ratio of 93.67%. Simultaneously， the Na and Ne were 1.962 0 and 1.555 4， respectively；Neis gene diversity （h） and Shannons information index （I） were 0.330 8 and 0.499 0，respectively. Results showed that genetic diversity of Guifeng Mountain R. simsii population was high， and the genetic distance between populations Rho-M and Rho-H was just 0.069 8， as indicated the low genetic differentiation between populations. Therefore， this study will provide theoretical basis towards the future evaluation， preservation and breeding selection of R. simsii.

Key words：Rhododendron simsii Planch.；Inter-simple sequence repeat；genetic diversity； germplasm resources；Guifeng Mountain

杜鹃（Rhododendron simsii Planch.）被誉为“花中西施”和“木本花卉之王”，属于杜鹃花科（Ericaceae）杜鹃花属（Rhododendron L.）木本植物，在亚洲、欧洲、北美洲等地广泛分布[1，2]。中国约有571个杜鹃花品种，特有种（类型）多达400多个，并且在滇藏川交汇处的横断山脉是世界上杜鹃花的发源地和分布中心[3]。杜鹃兼有生态保护、园林观赏、药用植物、科学研究等多重功效，尤其是其水土保持功能突出，在山地生态系统的维持中举足轻重[1]。位于湖北省麻城市龟峰山的杜鹃花灌丛因其面积大、结构纯、树龄长而成为当下颇具吸引力的风景区，具有很高的景观利用价值；……