谢道燕等

摘要：为明确新型杀虫剂氟啶虫胺腈对桑粉虱（Bemisia myricae）的毒力及其对家蚕（Bombyx mori）的安全性，采用试管药膜法和叶片浸渍法在室内测定其对桑粉虱成虫和卵的毒力，并采用食下毒叶法测定了50%氟啶虫胺腈WG对家蚕的急性毒性及亚致死剂量对家蚕生长发育与经济性状的影响。结果表明，250～1 000 mg/L的50%氟啶虫胺腈WG对桑粉虱成虫处理5 h的致死率为86.22%～96.43%，其LC50为122.251 mg/L，而125～ 1 000 mg/L的浓度范围内对桑粉虱的卵无明显作用，但可延迟孵化时间。3龄起蚕取食50%氟啶虫胺腈WG以50～200 mg/L处理的桑叶72 h累计中毒死亡率为24.44%～76.67%，LC50为91.158 mg/L，属于中等毒性农药；其亚致死剂量20、30和40 mg/L可延长4、5龄期0.5～1.0 d，其高浓度处理的全茧量、茧层量、蛹重和眠蚕体质量显著低于对照。

关键词：氟啶虫胺腈；家蚕（Bombyx mori）；桑粉虱（Bemisia myricae）；毒力

中图分类号：S482.3；S884.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）12-2900-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.12.022

Toxicity of New Pesticides Sulfoxaflor against Bemisia myricae and Safety Evaluation to Bombyx mori

XIE Dao-yan，YANG Zhen-guo，ZHOU Chun-tao，CHAI Jian-ping，DA Ai-si，NI Jing，JIANG Xiu-jun，LUO Yan-jie

（Institute of Sericulture & Apidae， Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Mengzi 661100，Yunnan，China）

Abstract： In order to clarify the toxicity of sulfoxaflor against Bemisia myricae and its safety to Bombyx mori，the toxicity of 50% sulfoxaflor WG against Bemisia myricae adults and eggs were tested by residual films and leaf dipping method. And the acute toxicity and sublethal dose of 50% sulfoxaflor WG to the effect on growth and development and economic characters of Bombyx mori were evaluated in laboratory by using intake poisonous leaf method. The results indicated that the fatality rate of 250～1 000 mg/L of 50% sulfoxaflor WG treatment 5 h against B.myricae adults was 86.22%～96.43%，and the LC50 was 122.251 mg/L.There was no obvious effect of 125～1 000 mg/L 50% sulfoxaflor WG to B.myricae eggs，but it could delayed incubation period.The cumulative poisoning mortality rate of 50～200 mg/L of 50% sulfoxaflor WG treatment 72 h against 3 instar silkworm was 24.44%～76.67%，and LC50 value was 91.158 mg/L，which was belonging to medium toxic pesticides.Sublethal doses of 20，30，and 40 mg/L of 50% sulfoxaflor WG could prolong the 4，5 instar 0.5～1 d，while its high concentration processing of cocoon weight，cocoon shell weight， pupal weight and body weight of silkworm sleep was significantly lower than contrast.

Key words：sulfoxaflor；Bombyx mori；Bemisia myricae；toxicity

家蚕（Bombyx mori）是我国农业生态系统中重要的经济昆虫，长期的室内人工饲养，导致抗逆性差，极易受到外界各种因素如温度、湿度、食物等的影响，且对农药极为敏感[1]。家蚕农药中毒事件频繁发生，已成为制约蚕桑业发展的主要瓶颈之一[2]。在新农药推广中对家蚕毒性不明、用法不当而造成家蚕中毒的事件时有发生，且呈现逐年加重趋势，近年来关于农药对家蚕毒性与安全性评价方面的研究越来越多。马惠等[3]在室内研究农药对家蚕的毒性试验和风险评价时发现溴虫腈对家蚕毒性很低，是一种可供桑园选择使用的杀虫剂。频繁和不科学地使用农药会使害虫产生抗药性，从而加大其防治难度。……