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基于灰色模型的中国主要果蔬消费量预测

2015-08-13宋明启王志国

湖北农业科学 2015年12期

宋明启 王志国

摘要:基于我国目前果蔬生产的现状,建立了可用于果蔬消费量预测的灰色模型,并以2003~2009年苹果和菠菜的消费量为基础数据,并预测了2015~2020年我国16种主要果蔬的消费量,分析了不同种类果蔬消费量未来6年的发展趋势。预测结果为指导我国果蔬生产提供了有价值的数据参考,同时,可为决策者和相关机构制定政策性建议和方案时,提供了理论模型和借鉴资料。

关键词:灰色模型;果蔬;消费量;预测

中图分类号:N941.5;F326.13 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)12-3021-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.12.058

Chinese Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Forecast Based on Gray Model

SONG Ming-qi,WANG Zhi-guo

(Civil Engineering College,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318, Heilongjiang, China)

Abstract: Based on the current situation of Chinese fruit and vegetable production, the gray model which can be used to predict the consumption of fruit and vegetable was established. The detailed steps of “gray model” was decuced, based on the consumption data of apple and spinach from 2003 to 2009. Accordingly, predicted from 2015 to 2020, consumption of 16 major fruit and vegetable, and analyzed the different types of fruit and vegetable consumption in the development trend of the next six years. The institute of fruit and vegetable production work as a guide provides valuable data for reference. At the same time, formulating policy recommendations and solutions for decision makers and relevant organizations provides a theoretical model and reference materials.

Key words:gray model;friuit and vegetable;consumption;forecast

人体需要的营养素主要有蛋白质、脂肪、维生素、矿物质、糖和水,其中维生素对于维持人体新陈代谢的生理功能是不可或缺的,多达30余种,分为脂溶性维生素(维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K等)和水溶性维生素(维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、维生素C等)[1]。矿物质无机盐等也是构成人体的重要成分,约占人体体重的5%,主要有钙、钾、硫等以及微量元素铁、锌等,另外适量地补充膳食纤维对促进良好的消化和排泄固体废物具有重要的作用[2]。

水果和蔬菜是重要的农产品,为人体提供了丰富的矿物质、维生素、膳食纤维。近年来,中国水果和蔬菜种植面积和产量迅速增长,水果和蔬菜品种也日益丰富,中国居民生活水平不断提高,人们对营养均衡的意识也有所增强[3]。然而,多数中国居民喜食、饱食、偏食,传统饮食习惯尚未根本扭转,使得中国的果蔬消费(品种和数量)在满足居民身体健康所需均衡营养的条件下,近乎盲目无序,进而影响到果蔬生产[4]。……

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