布地奈德吸入剂及其联合口服缓释茶碱治疗支气管哮喘的效果
2015-08-06刘广杰胥杰罗秀芳
刘广杰 胥杰 罗秀芳



[摘要] 目的 探讨布地奈德干粉吸入剂联合茶碱在支气管哮喘治疗中的效果及安全性。 方法 收集2011年1月~2014年12月于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院门诊就诊的支气管哮喘患者76例,分为布地奈德干粉吸入剂组(Ⅰ组)37例和布地奈德吸入剂和茶碱联合用药组(Ⅱ组)39例。观察哮喘控制测试评分(ACT)、检测肺功能、药物不良反应,评估Ⅰ、Ⅱ组治疗前后效果。 结果 治疗后Ⅰ、Ⅱ组患者的临床症状均得到明显改善,两组治疗后哮喘控制率(Ⅰ组:86.5%,Ⅱ组:97.4%)、ACT评分[Ⅰ组:(23.2±3.2)分,Ⅱ组:(24.3±1.6)分]、最大呼气流量占预计值的百分比(PEF%预计值)[Ⅰ组:(88.3±6.9),Ⅱ组:(95.2±7.8)%]、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(FEV1%预计值)[Ⅰ组:(78.2±6.0)%,Ⅱ组:(83.9±6.0)%],分别较治疗前各指标[哮喘控制率:Ⅰ组18.9%、Ⅱ组17.9%,ACT评分:Ⅰ组(15.9±3.2)分、Ⅱ组(16.0±3.2)分,PEF%预计值:Ⅰ组(70.1±6.6)%、Ⅱ组(68.9±6.8)%,FEV1%预计值:Ⅰ组(68.1±6.4)%、Ⅱ组(69.1±5.4)%]明显改善,差异均有高度统计学意义(P < 0.01)。治疗后,Ⅱ组哮喘控制率高于Ⅰ组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);Ⅱ组肺功能指标PEF%预计值、FEV1%预计值均优于Ⅰ组,差异均有高度统计学意义(P < 0.01)。两组在治疗中均无严重不良反应发生。 结论 布地奈德干粉吸入治疗和布地奈德干粉吸入剂联合茶碱治疗哮喘均具有良好的效果和安全性,且布地奈德干粉吸入剂和茶碱联合治疗的疾病控制率更高,改善病情更快,疗效更好。
[关键词] 哮喘;茶碱;糖皮质激素;肺功能
[中图分类号] R562.25 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2015)06(c)-0012-04
Effects of therapy of Budesonide powder for inhalation combined with Theophylline on bronchial asthma
LIU Guangjie XU Jie LUO Xiufang
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the therapeutic efficacy and therapy safety of Budesonide powder for inhalation combined with Theophylline on bronchial asthma. Methods From January 2011 to December 2014, in Outpatient Service of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 76 bronchial asthma patients were divided into Budesonide powder for inhalation group (group Ⅰ) with 37 patients and Budesonide powder for inhalation combined with Theophylline group (group Ⅱ) with 39 patients. Asthma control test (ACT) scores, lung function (PEF%pre, FEV1%pre) and adverse drug reaction were observed, effect before and after the treatment were evaluated. Results Aftertreatment, clinical symptoms of patients in two groups were improved significantly, the ratio of asthma control (group Ⅰ: 86.5%, group Ⅱ: 97.4%), ACT scores [group Ⅰ: (23.2±3.2) scores, group Ⅱ: (24.3±1.6) scores], PEF% pre [group Ⅰ: (88.3±6.9)%, group Ⅱ: (95.2±7.8)%], FEV1% pre [group Ⅰ: (78.2±6.0)%, group Ⅱ: (83.9±6.0)%] were improved significantly than those before the treatment [ratio of asthma control: group Ⅰ 18.9%, group Ⅱ 17.9%; ACT scores: group Ⅰ (15.9±3.2) scores, group Ⅱ (16.0±3.2) scores, PEF%pre group Ⅰ (70.1±6.6)%, group Ⅱ (68.9±6.8)%; FEV1%pre: group Ⅰ (68.1±6.4)%, group Ⅱ (69.1±5.4)%], the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). After the treatment, ratio of asthma control in group Ⅱ was higher than that in group Ⅰ, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); PEF%pre, FEV1%pre in group Ⅱ were better than those in group Ⅰ, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). No severe adverse drug reaction were observed in both groups. Conclusion The clinical therapeutic efficacy and safety for moderate asthma treatment are determined in both two ways of the Budesonide power for inhalation and Budesonide powder for inhalation combinated with Theophylline. It is more effective and rapid improvement of moderate asthma control by the way of Budesonide powder for inhalation combinated with Theophylline treatment.
[Key words] Asthma; Theophylline; Glucocorticoid; Lung function
支气管哮喘,简称哮喘,是以可逆性气流阻塞为特点、伴有气道高反应的慢性气道炎症性疾病,其病理机制为在各种刺激因子(如特异性过敏原、非特异性因素、感染等)作用下产生气道高反应,并在炎症细胞、炎症因子等介导下发生的慢性气道疾病。其特征是具有反复性发作及可逆性支气管收缩,临床症状以咳嗽、喘息、胸闷、呼吸困难为主,病理改变主要是气道炎症和平滑肌痉挛。哮喘治疗不当可致病程延长最终导致气道重塑、气道不可逆性缩窄[1]。糖皮质激素是控制哮喘最有效的药物,布地奈德吸入剂为糖皮质激素干粉吸入剂,茶碱因其具有抗感染、扩张支气管作用,为临床治疗哮喘的常用药,而茶碱缓释片具有服用后血药浓度平稳、能较长时间维持平喘作用、不良反应较少等优点[2-3]。……
