《二程遗书》“昨日之会”节考释
2015-07-13张新国
张新国
关键词: 《二程遗书》卷一系二程门人李端伯所录,其第一条内容是程颢与韩维之间的儒佛之辨。学界普遍认为此条语录学术价值重大。如果能将哲学义理还原到具体的历史语境,对于全面和深刻理解义理本身相当重要。考察可见,该论辩牵涉到出二程与其友人韩维等于元丰四年四月在颖昌的学术集会,即《二程遗书》卷二吕大临所记“昨日之会”节。此学术集会的澄清,不仅有助于深入把握明道的相关重要理学思想,也有助于把握当时具有普遍性的学术和文化实况。
摘要: 二程遗书;昨日之会;程颢;韩维;儒佛之辨
中图分类号: B244.6
文献标志码: A
文章编号: 10012435(2015)04048705
Textual Research on “Yesterday Meeting” Chapter in Chenghao and Chengyi Quotations
ZHANG Xinguo (Philosophy Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
Key words: Chenghao and Chengyi Quotations; Yesterday Meeting; Chenghao; Hanwei; Argumentation about Confucianism and Buddhism
Abstract: The first volume of
Chenghao and Chengyi Quotations, recorded by Li Duanbo, reflected the academic argumentation between Chenghao and Hanwei in the Song dynasty. It has been considered valuable by the scholars. It is of great significance for us to put the philosophical theory back to the historical context. According to the research, the argumentation was a part of an academic meeting in Yingchang in the Song dynasty in 1081. The meeting was recorded by Lu Dalin in “Yesterday Meeting” Chapter. It is meaningful for us both to comprehend the philosophical theory and understand the whole cultural situation then.
近年来,学界越来越重视对于二程语录的划分,即根据其门人记录、年谱考异以及思想特性等加以勘验。
而划分程颢与程颐语录的繁难之处在于,门人学生各以自己的语汇记录,且散见于《二程集》中对于同一件事的记录多有理解的不同与思想侧重,这在卷二“昨日之会”节尤其突出。对此,学界尚未有专门的研究,本文拟作历史和义理考证与辨析。这一工作亦涉及书中多则材料的澄清,对理解明道思想及其发展乃至对当时文化实况的把握具有重要意义。
一、问题的缘起及研究价值
《二程遗书》卷一“端伯传师说”,为二程门人李端伯记录。李端伯先于伊川而逝,为伊川所重。在《祭李端伯文》中,伊川尝道:“自予兄弟昌明道学,世方惊疑,能使学者视效而信从,子与刘质夫为有力矣。”[1]634“刘质夫”指的是二程门人刘绚。……
