近代以来珠江三角洲学校体育的兴起与发展
2015-06-10李斌庄弼饶纪乐
李斌 庄弼 饶纪乐

摘 要:对近代以来珠江三角洲学校体育的兴起与发展进行了梳理与总结。鸦片战争后,珠江三角洲的有识之士何剑吴、康有为和梁启超等提出了德、智、体全面教育的观点,以敢为人先的精神举办了珠江三角洲乃至中国历史上具有划时代意义的“学校体育”运动会,开启了珠江三角洲学校体育现代化的历程,经历了民国时期的艰难、建国后的摸索、改革开放后的全面推进。如今,珠江三角洲学校体育现代化格局初现。
关 键 词:体育史;学校体育;珠江三角洲;学校体育现代化;近代
中图分类号:G807 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-7116(2015)03-0112-07
Abstract: The authors collated the rising and developing of school physical education in the Pearl River Delta region since modern times, and summarized the following: after the Opium War, such men of vision as HE Jian-wu, KANG You-wei and LIANG Qi-chao in the Pearl River Delta region put forward the opinion about comprehensive moral, intelligent and physical education, held “school sports” games that had an epoch-making significance in the Pearl River Delta region and even in the history of China based on the spirit of “dare to be the first”, and initiated the course of modernization of school physical education in the Pearl River Delta region, which had gone through difficult times in the Republic of China period, exploration after the founding of China, and comprehensive progressing after reform and opening. Nowadays, the structure of modernization of school physical education in the Pearl River Delta region has taken into shape.
Key words: sports history;school physical education;Pearl River Delta;school sports modernization;modern times
珠江三角洲处于广东珠江水系出海口一带地域,范围包括广州、佛山、中山、江门、惠州、深圳、东莞、珠海,是中国最重要的开放门户,珠江三角洲是中国现代化的重要发祥地之一,是20世纪80年代改革开放的先行试验区。如今珠江三角洲地区已经成为当代广东国民经济发展中最为发达、最具活力的地方,同时也成为我国基本实现社会主义现代化的先行地区。在这个地区,学校体育发展如何,本研究作了梳理与总结。
1 萌芽阶段(1840—1910年)
1840年,鸦片战争爆发,就是在珠江三角洲的江面上展开了一场以大刀长矛为代表的农业文明与以坚船利炮为代表的工业文明的较量,鸦片战争失败后,现实迫使人们思考。在这种内忧外患背景下,珠江三角洲一些开明的人士,率先发出了要求变革和向西方学习的呼声,成为中国教育早期现代化的先导。……
