黄妙霞等

[摘要] 目的 探讨营养护理干预对早产低体重儿营养状况及喂养不耐受的影响。 方法 选取2013年6月～2014年6月在本院出生的120例早产低体重儿作为研究对象，随机分两组，各60例。对照组给予本院新生儿科针对早产低体重儿的常规治疗及护理措施，研究组在对照组的基础上给予营养护理干预。比较两组的血浆白蛋白、总蛋白水平及喂养不耐受事件发生率。 结果 两组出生后第7天的血浆白蛋白、总蛋白水平显著高于出生时，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组出生后第7天的血浆白蛋白、总蛋白水平显著高于对照组出生后第7天，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组出现呕吐、腹胀、胃残留等喂养不耐受事件的发生率显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 营养护理干预能够显著改善早产低体重儿的营养状态，降低喂养不耐受事件发生率，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词] 营养；护理；早产；低体重

[中图分类号] R473.72 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2015）02（b）-0189-03

Influence study of nutritional nursing intervention on nutriture and feeding intolerance in preterm low birth weight infant

HUANG Miao-xia XU Yan-shan XIE Jin-shui ZHAO Qing XIAO Pei

Department of Neonatology，the Third People′s Hospital of Shilong Town of Dongguan City in Guangdong Province，Dongguan 523320，China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the influence of nutritional nursing intervention on nutriture and feeding intolerance in preterm low birth weight（PLBW） infant. Methods 120 PLBW infants from June 2013 to June 2014 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups，60 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional therapy and nursing measures in our neonatological department，the research group was given nutritional nursing intervention on the basis of the control group.The level of plasma-albumin，total protein and incidence rate of feeding intolerance in two groups was compared. Results The level of plasma-albumin and total protein in two groups after birth 7 days was higher than that of birth，with significant difference（P<0.05）.The level of plasma-albumin and total protein in the research group after birth 7 days was higher than that of the control group after birth 7 days，with significant difference（P<0.05）.Incidence rate of feeding intolerance events such as vomiting，abdominal distension and gastric residual in the research group was lower than that in the control group，with significant difference（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nutritional nursing intervention can significantly improve the nutritional status of PLBW infants，reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance events，it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

[Key words] Nutrition；Nursing；Preterm；Low birth weight

早产低出生体重儿由于消化系统发育不成熟导致吞咽、吸允及胃肠蠕动功能较差，在胃肠喂养过程中极容易出现喂养不耐受情况，因此早产低体重儿多有营养不良现象[1-3]，若不采取积极有效的护理干预措施则容易对其生长发育造成严重影响。本研究在常规治疗及护理基础上对60例早产低体重儿实施针对性营养护理干预，取得了较满意效果。

1 资料和方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2013年6月～2014年6月在本院出生的120例早产低体重儿作为研究对象。纳入标准：①年龄26～35周，体重≤2500 g，住院时间≥21 d；②出生后1、5 min的Apgar评分均>8分；③取得早产儿家长同意并签署《知情同意书》。排除标准：①出生时即有窒息、消化道畸形、肺部疾病、心脏病及其他先天性遗传病患儿；②需要进行呼吸机辅助呼吸患儿。将入选早产低体重儿按照随机数字表法分为两组，各60例。研究组中，男37例，女23例；年龄26～33周，平均（29.1±2.0）周；……