国企的改革导向:管理民主化和薪酬公平化

朱富强

(中山大学 岭南学院,广州 510275)

摘要：国有企业的治理机制改革不能简单的照搬欧美企业的模式,而是要利用特有优势创造出新型的劳动关系,这表现为构建民主化的管理体系和公正化的薪酬体系。其原因在于,(1)基于契约主义观点,企业本身就属于所有成员所共同拥有,所有成员是平等的成员关系而非雇佣关系,从而应该基于契约规则实行共同管理;(2)国有企业并不是一个完全由企业内部人治理的民主组织,而是必须接受企业外部的社会规制和监督,尤其需要建立合理的收入分配体制。

关键词:国有企业;新型劳动关系;民主化管理;收入分配机制;契约主义

收稿日期：2015-05-28

基金项目：广东省哲学社会科学“十二五”规划项目“制度分析的方法论比较及其实践效应”(GD12CLJ02)

作者简介：朱富强,男,中山大学岭南学院暨转型与开放经济研究所研究员,经济学博士,主要从事理论经济学、经济学方法论和比较制度研究。

中图分类号：F046文献标志码：A

The Direction of the Reform of the State-owned Enterprise:

Democratic Governance and Fair Salary

ZHU Fu-qiang

(LingnanCollege,SunYat-SenUniversity,Guangzhou510275,China)

Abstract:The reform of the state-owned enterprises cannot simply copy the governance model of European and American corporations, but should create a new-type labor relations using the unique advantage, which includes the building of democratic management system and fair salary system. As for the reasons: (1) based on the view of contractarianism, the enterprise itself belongs to all members, and there exists equal members relationship instead of employment relationship. As a result, enterprise should implement the common management system according to the contract rules; (2) the state-owned enterprise is not such a democratic organization which is governed completely by the internal, but should accept social regulations and supervision which is outside the enterprise, especially the need to establish a rational system of income distribution.

Key words: state-owned enterprise; new-type labor relation; democratic management; income distribution system; contractarianism

一、引言

面对当前国有企业尤其是资源垄断型国有企业所暴露出来的种种问题及其所引发的社会矛盾,就必须不断优化国有企业的产权和治理结构。在产权结构上,国有企业改革应与以人为本理念实现同向共进;在治理结构上,国有企业改革应该实现市场化聘用和考核机制;此外,还需要严格规划和监督国有企业的红利分配以保障收入分配的社会公正。……