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无血管活性药物支持下静脉快速推注胺碘酮对急性心肌梗死兔模型血流动力学的影响

2014-11-13金钦阳苗文涛

中国医药导报 2014年28期
关键词:急性心肌梗死

金钦阳++++苗文涛

[摘要] 目的 观察无血管活性药物支持下单独静脉快速推注胺碘酮对急性心肌梗死后兔模型血流动力学的影响。 方法 健康新西兰大白兔24只,随机分为4组,每组各6只。SG组:假手术后予静推5%葡萄糖液;SA组:假手术后予5 mg/kg胺碘酮静脉快速推注;AG组:发生急性心肌梗死后静推5%葡萄糖液;AA组:发生急性心肌梗死后予5 mg/kg胺碘酮静脉快速推注。记录推注药液后30 min各组的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室舒张末压(LVEDP)、左心室内压最大上升速率(+dp/dtmax)、左心室内压最大下降速率(-dp/dtmax)。 结果 与SG组比较,SA组兔子在推注胺碘酮后即刻出现MAP下降、伴随LVSP、HR、-dp/dtmax、+dp/dtmax下降,LVEDP升高,以推注后即刻至2 min最为显著,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05);AA组在2 min时与AG组比较,MAP快速下降(36±4)%,HR减慢(14±1)%,LVSP下降(37±5)%,+dp/dtmax下降(49±4)%,-dp/dtmax下降(31±4)%,LVEDP升高(22±4)%,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05);AA组MAP(2~10 min)、+dp/dtmax(4~30 min)、LVEDP(6~20 min)与SA组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论 无血管活性药物支持下,单独静脉快速推注胺碘酮后即刻出现显著的心血管负性抑制,以心肌收缩功能抑制为主;这种心肌收缩功能抑制在急性心肌梗死情况下更为显著。

[关键词] 胺碘酮;急性心肌梗死;血流动力学;兔

[中图分类号] R965 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2014)10(a)-0023-05

Hemodynamic influence of Amiodarone by bolus vein injection without vasoactive agent on rabbits model with acute myocardial infarction

JIN Qinyang1 MIAO Wentao2

1.Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China; 2.Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of He'nan University of Science and Technology, He'nan Province, Luoyang 471000, China

[Abstract] Objective To observe the influence of Amiodarone by bolus vein injection without vasoactive agent on rabbits model with acute myocardial infarction. Methods 24 New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups, with 6 rabbits in each group. SG group: after sham-operation, given 5% glucose by vein injection; SA group: after sham-operation, given 5 mg/kg Amiodarone by bolus vein injection; AG group: after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) happened, given 5% glucose vein injection; AA group: after AMI happend, given 5 mg/kg amiodarone by bolus vein injection. The heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP), ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular interior maximum pressure rise rate (+dp/dtmax) and left ventricular interior minimum pressure descend rate (-dp/dtmax) after the drug infusion were recorded. Results Compared with SG group, MAP of SA group showed descend immediately after given amiodarone, with LVSP, HR, -dp/dtmax, +dp/dtmax inducing, LVEDP rising, and between given Amiodarone instantly to 2 min they were the most significant, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). AA group were compared with AG group at 2 min, MAP induced immediately (36±4)%, HR slowerd (14±1)%, LVSP induced (37±5)%, +dp/dtmax induced (49±4)%, -dp/dtmax induced (31±4)%, LVEDP rose (22±4)%, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); MAP (2-10 min), +dp/dtmax (4-30 min), LVEDP (6-20 min) of AA group were compared with those of SA group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Without vasoactive agent Amiodarone by bolus vein injection may induce cardiovascular depression mainly characterized by immediate reductions in cardiac contractility, it showes significantly in condition of AMI.

[Key words] Amiodarone; Acute myocardial infarction; Hemodynamics; Rabbit

急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)是严重缺血引起的心肌不可逆坏死。临床上AMI后患者易伴发各种心律失常,其中室性心律失常发生率最高,也是导致猝死和危及患者生命的重要因素之一。胺碘酮(Amiodarone)是目前最常用的广谱抗心律失常药物,其静脉快速推注或者团注射被各指南推荐用于心肺复苏及治疗室性心律失常[1-2]。在临床实践中,致死性心律失常的急救及心肺复苏时静推胺碘酮常伴用血管活性药物,而有无伴用血管活性药物,其静脉注射后的心血管反应文献报道不一[3-6]。故本实验以AMI新西兰兔模型,观察无血管活性药物支持下单独静脉快速推注胺碘酮对血流动力学的影响。

1 材料与方法

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