亚力坤·赛来 阿合买提江·帕哈丁 帕尔哈提·拜合提

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0282.2014.09.007

基金項目：国家自然科学基金（81060158）；新疆医科大学第一附属医院循证医学课题项目（2010-XZ04）

作者单位：830054 乌鲁木齐，新疆医科大学第一附属医院普通外科（亚力坤·赛来），急救中心（阿合买提江·帕哈丁、帕尔哈提·拜合提）

通信作者：帕尔哈提·拜合提，Email：ahmatjan917@163.com

【摘要】目的 分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院院前急救创伤患者流行病学特点，为创伤急救提供客观依据。

方法 收集2006年1月至2010年12月本院“120”接诊的1480例创伤患者院前急救病历，对其致伤原因、受伤时间、AIS-ISS评分等进行回顾性研究。

结果 5年期间，本院接诊的院前急救创伤患者，人数逐年增加；院前急救创伤患者占院前急救患者总数的比例也在逐年增加；本院接诊的1480例创伤患者的致伤原因中，位居前3位的分别为交通伤、摔伤以及暴力伤；根据对院前创伤患者的AIS-ISS评分的分析，16～25分之间的创伤患者数量最多，而在这一分值之间的患者，经过合理的治疗，多能治愈，病死率不高；创伤发生的高发年龄段分别为21～30岁、31～40岁和41～50岁；致伤原因在不同年龄段的分布也有所不同；每天好发创伤的时间段分别为10：00—12：00和16：00—18：00；每年好发创伤的月份分别为5月、6月、7月和8月。

结论 院前创伤患者的急救工作应该以创伤患者的疾病分类、年龄、创伤好发的时间为依据，科学合理地安排院前急救工作，组织培训专业人员，使患者得到最快、最好的院前救护。

【关键词】院前急救；创伤；流行病学

Epidemiology features of 1480 trauma patients with pre-hospital first-aid

Yalikun·Sailai*，Ahemaitijiang·Pahading，Paerhati·Baiheti.*General Surgery Department，The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University，Urumqi 830054，China

Corresponding author：Paerhati·Baiheti，Email：ahmatjan917@163.com

【Abstract】Objective To analyze the epidemiology features of casualties with pre-hospital first-aid in order to provide an objective basis for the trauma care. Methods Data of 1480 trauma patients with pre-hospital first-aid were collected from January 2006 to December 2010. The causes of injury， injury time， and AIS-ISS score were retrospectively analyzed. Results During this five-year period， the number of trauma patients with pre-hospita first-aid admitted into our hospital increased. The ratio of trauma patients treated with first-aid to the total number of rescued patients increased year by year. In these 1480 trauma patients， the three leading causes of trauma were traffic injuries， accidental falls and violence injury. Analysis of the results showed trauma patients AIS-ISS score was a good predictor of outcomes of casualties. The AIS-ISS score of most trauma patients was 16-25 points， and most of them were completely cured after treatment， and the mortality rate was not high.The high incidence of trauma occurred in ages from 21 to 30 years old， 31 to 40 years old， and 41 to 50 years old in order of numbers. The causes of injury were not the same in different age groups. The peak time of trauma was 10：00-12：00 and 16：00-18：00. There were higher incidence of trauma in May， June， July and August. Conclusion The trauma patients cared with pre-hospital first aid should be put into triage classification on the basis of causes， the type of trauma， age and the time of trauma occurred， and scientific and rational arrangement for first aid should be done by well trained professionals， so that patients will get the fastest and the best pre-hospital care after trauma.

已有研究表明，由于交通事业的发展及人口的增长，创伤致伤原因中，交通伤位居第一位^[3-8]。……