何涛

【摘要】目的：探究和分析急性心肌梗死患者心电图的改变与心率失常发生的相关率。方法：选择我院2012年6月一2013年10月收治的急性心肌梗死患者，共收集到20例病例，分别回顾观察统计急性心肌梗死患者的心电图改变情况和心率失常发生类型及发生，探究分析心电图改变金额心率失常发生率两组数据之间存在相关性的形式。结果：20例急性心肌梗死患者中，典型心电图表现者11例，占55%；不典型心电图表现者8例，占40%；急性心肌梗死ST段抬高15例，占75%；非ST段抬高性心肌梗死5例，占25%。与患者心率失常发生率结合比较发现，ST段抬高性急性心肌梗死患者的心律失常发生率明显高于非ST段抬高性急性心肌梗死患者的心率失常发生率，且两者存在显著差异(P<0.05)，具有统计学意义。结论：ST段抬高性急性心急性肌梗死患者的心律失常发生率明显高于非ST段抬高性心急性肌梗死患者的心率失常发生率，医护人员在对急性心肌梗死患者进行诊断治疗护理过程中，应着重观察预防和治疗ST段抬高性心急性肌梗死患者是否出现心率失常的症状，科学有效地急性心肌梗死患者进行系统的抗心律失常的治疗。

【关键词】急性心肌梗死；心电图改变；ST段抬高性；非ST段抬高性；心率失常；发生率；相关性

【Abstract】 Objective: the rate of change research and analysis of patients with acute myocardial infarction and arrhythmia. Method: the acute myocardial infarction patients in our hospital in 2012 June 2013 October, 20 cases were collected, respectively, review of electrocardiogram in patients with acute myocardial infarction were observed statistical change and arrhythmia occurrence types and occurrence, explore the analysis of electrocardiogram changes the amount of arrhythmia incidence between the two groups of data correlation exists in the form of. Results: 20 cases of acute myocardial infarction patients, typical ECG in 11 cases, accounting for 55%; atypical ECG in 8 cases, accounting for 40%; ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction in 15 cases, accounting for 75%; 5 patients with non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, accounted for 25%. Rate compared with patients with arrhythmia occurred, in patients with ST elevation acute myocardial infarction arrhythmia incidence was significantly higher than that of arrhythmia in patients with non ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction rate, there was a significant difference (P<0.05), and both have statistical significance. Conclusion: ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction patients with muscle of the incidence of arrhythmia was significantly higher than that in non ST segment elevation myocardial arrhythmia in patients with myocardial infarction incidence, medical personnel in the patients with acute myocardial infarction in the diagnosis and treatment of the nursing process, should focus on the observation of the prevention and treatment of ST segment elevation myocardial whether patients muscle infarction appear arrhythmia symptoms, treatment of scientific and effective in patients with acute myocardial infarction and systematic anti arrhythmia.

【key words 】 acute myocardial infarction; electrocardiogram; ST segment elevation; non ST segment elevation; arrhythmia; incidence rate; correlation

【中圖分类号】R4 【文献标识码】B【文章编号】1004-4949(2014)07-0570-02

急性心肌梗死是心血管内科的急性危险重病症的疾病之一，多发于中老年患者，严重影响患者的生命健康和日常生活活动。急性心肌梗死患者的典型症状包括胸闷、胸痛、心绞痛，多发生于清晨，持续时间长，多会发展成急性心力衰竭及休克，严重威胁患者生命［1］。心电图是诊断急性心肌梗死患者的有效手段和常用途径，具有方便、安全性高、可靠性强和可重复性的特点。通过对急性心肌梗死患者的心电图的研究能较好地对患者的治疗进行定性，定位。急性心肌梗死的重要常见合并症，也是造成急性心肌梗死患者死亡、特别是猝死的重要原因。……