冯会胜　林玉婵

摘 要 分析惠州市不同来源的蔬果产品质量安全状况，结果发现：惠州市不合格蔬果产品的禁用农药残留主要是甲胺磷，限用农药残留主要是氧乐果和甲基异柳磷，非禁限用农药残留主要是毒死蜱；生产基地蔬果产品未出现禁用农药，禁限用农药残留总体合格率最高，其次是批发市场、超市和农贸市场，说明农业部门抓源头管理起到了效果；批发市场蔬果样品农药残留的总体合格率最高，与抽样品种、监管力度有关，而生产基地、超市和农贸市场相近。超市蔬果样品农药残留的总体合格率及禁用农药残留合格率均高于农贸市场，这也与自身强化监管及控制蔬菜进货渠道有关。农贸市场蔬果样品的禁限用农药残留与批发市场高度相关，这与农贸市场的蔬果产品主要来自批发市场的调研结果相符。综上所述，不同来源的蔬果产品农药残留合格率逐年提高。

关键词 惠州 ；不同来源 ；蔬果产品 ；质量安全 ；分析

中图分类号 R155.5+4

Abstract This article analyzed the status of quality and safety of vegetable and fruit samples from different sources in Huizhou， and concluded that the banned pesticide residues of vegetable and fruit samples are mainly from Methamidophos， the restricted pesticide residue are mainly from Omethoate and Isofenphos methyl， the non-restricted pesticide residues are mainly from Chlorpyrifos； Vegetable and fruit products base did not appear banned pesticide residues， and its overall pass-rate of banned and restricted pesticide residues was the highest， followed by the wholesale markets， supermarkets and farmers market； The overall qualified rate from wholesale market is highest， and others' are closed； The overall pass rate and the disabled passing rate from supermarket are higher than farmers market. The pesticide residues from farmers market are highly correlated with the wholesale market， because the vegetable & fruit products in farmers market mainly come from the wholesale market. Although the vegetable and fruit products are from different sources， its qualified rate increased year by year.

Key words Huizhou ； different sources ； vegetable and fruit products ； quality and safety ； analysis

随着经济社会的快速发展，消费者对农产品质量安全的关注度越来越高，农产品质量安全问题已经成为社会的热点。笔者根据多年的工作经验，对惠州市蔬果产品的质量安全监测数据进行汇总，分析惠州不同来源蔬果产品的质量安全状况，以期为进一步做好监管工作提供科学依据。

1 材料与方法

2011-2013年，市农产品质检中心抽取具有一定规模生产基地的蔬果样品及惠州市批发市场、超市和农贸市场的蔬果样品，县级农业监测部门配合抽取中小规模生产基地的蔬果样品，市农产品质检中心检测甲胺磷等农药残留。……