3月8日凌晨1时20分，从吉隆坡飞往北京的马来西亚航空公司MH370航班，在途中与地面失去联系，神秘地消失在印度洋中。随后国际社会展开了一场有史以来最大规模的海上搜救行动……

航班基本情况

Malaysia Airlines 马来西亚航空

Boeing 777-200 model 波音777-200机型

red-eye flight 红眼航班

passenger manifest 乘客名单

227 passengers （including 153 Chinese nationals） and 12 crew 227名乘客（包括153名中国乘客）以及12名机组成员

The plane slipped off radar screens somewhere between Malaysia's east coast and southern Vietnam. 该飞机飞至马来西亚东部海岸和越南南部之间某区域时，从雷达屏幕上消失。

loss of communication 失联

no distress call 未发求救信号

turn back 折返

passengers with suspicious identifications 身份可疑乘客

go off course 偏离航线

事故可能原因

mechanical failure 机械故障

act of terrorism 恐怖行为

bad/adverse weather 恶劣天气

pilot disorientation 飞行员迷航

explosion on board 机上爆炸

hijacking 劫机

搜救相关词汇

flight data 飞行数据

voice recorders 语音记录仪

sea search 海上搜索

air search 空中搜索

oil slicks 油迹

transponder 发射机应答器

search and rescue team 搜救队

flight path 航道

signal/radio for help 发出求救信号

no wreckage 未找到残骸

international waters 公海

The keys to survival

空难自救黄金6法则

导读：近日来，马航失联航班牵动着无数人的心。发生空难时，应如何自救？澳大利亚教授盖里尔经过多年研究，总结出6条自救黄金法则。或许能在紧急情况下助你脱险。

Since 1985， Australian professor Ed Galea has pored over interviews with 2，000 survivors of 105 plane crashes， analyzing their behavior， searching for the keys to survival.

自1985年起，来自澳大利亚的艾德·盖里尔教授研究了105次坠机事件2000多名幸存者的受访记录，通过行为分析总结出6条黄金自救法则。

1. Traveling with your family别与家人分开

If you are traveling in a family group， you should insist that the airline does not separate you throughout the aircraft. Why？ It's only natural that if you're involved in that sort of situation that you're going to want to reunite the group before you evacuate.

如果你与家人一同乘坐航班旅行，那么你应该坚持让航空公司将你与家人的座位安排在一起。这样做的原因是：一旦发生某种突发状况需要疏散，你会本能地想要和家人共进退。

2. The seat belt学会解安全带

How do you undo your seat belt in your car？ You press a button. In a plane， you lift a latch. If you can't undo your seat belt then， you can't evacuate and your chances of survival plummet.

你如何解开汽车上的安全带？答案很简单：按下按钮便可。而在飞机上，你需要打开插销才能解开安全带。如果你不能正确地解开安全带，那么你就无法逃生，生还机会也会十分渺茫。

3. Does it matter where you sit？ 距离逃生口近

Sit within seven rows of an exit and count exactly how many rows you are from the nearest two exits. Count so that you can find an exit in the dark. And why two exits？ Because the nearest exit to you might not be "viable."

幸存者逃生时要走的平均距离均为7排座位，所以，你要选择在这个范围内就坐。你还要数一下距离最近的两个逃生出口有多少排座位，以便在黑暗中也能找到出口。为什么要选两个逃生出口呢？因为距离你最近的出口不一定可用。

4. Facing backward 背朝飞行方向

We would all be safer if airline seats faced backward. But the difficulty with this is that the majority of the traveling public doesn't like traveling with their back facing the direction of travel.

如果飞机的座位都是面向后的，乘客会更加安全。但问题是，大部分乘客都不愿意背对着飞行方向。

5. Fire带上防烟头罩

"Smoke contains toxic gases， narcotic gases. It contains irritant gases. If you inhale enough of them you will die，" explains Galea. He carries a smoke hood but warns that if you're going to follow his example you must learn how to use it. Otherwise you'll waste time trying to put it on — time that could be used for making an exit.

“烟雾含有有毒麻醉气体，并带有强烈刺激性。过多吸入将导致死亡。”盖里尔教授解释道。他在旅行中会携带一个防烟头罩，但他警告说，想像他这样，就要学会如何使用该头罩。否则会为戴上它而耽误你逃生的最佳时机。

6.Final Thought听乘务员讲解

Listen to the preflight briefing by the flight attendants and read the safety card. Be prepared. And if you're about to crash， do adopt the brace position -- head down， ankles behind knees. The brace position is one of the most important things a passenger should take on board when they fly， it's designed to reduce your chances of being knocked unconscious during a heavy impact.

登机后要认真听取乘务员的讲解，并阅读安全须知。发生坠机前，要采取防冲击姿势：收小腿至膝盖垂线以内，头部向前倾，尽量贴近膝盖。防冲击姿势是乘客要学会的一个重要方法，它可以减少被撞击昏迷的风险。