朱洪军

摘 要：大型体育赛事在筹备组织中参与组织主体众多，筹备活动相互间依赖性强和资源需求量大，因而需要建立一套以筹委会为中心的组织协调体系。作为任务型组织，以赛事筹委会为主体的组织协调具有以动态任务导向和组织间充分信任的2大特色。基于大型体育赛事筹备活动需要和组织协调特色，在大型体育赛事筹委会内部从筹备不同阶段所面临任务特征和不同管理层级提出了相应的组织协调机制；在筹委会外部，则根据筹委会与外部主体之间平等、独立的特点，提出以法律合同和协商谈判为特色的组织协调机制。筹委会内外组织协调机制的建立有助于大型体育赛事筹备活动的顺利开展。

关键词： 大型体育赛事；筹委会；组织协调；赛事筹备

中图分类号： G 808.2 文章编号：1009-783X（2014）04-0349-05 文献标志码： A

Abstract：Due to the large number of organizations and the heavy dependence on each other in the preparation of major sports events and the huge resource demand，it is thus necessary to build a set of organization and coordination system centred on the preparatory committee.As a task-oriented organization，the organization and coordination in the preparatory committee have the two features of dynamic task orientation and full trust between organizations.Based on the demand of preparatory activities and the features of organization and coordination in major sports events，this paper puts forward an internal organization and coordination mechanism from the different stages of task and the management hierarchy.While it proposes an external organization and coordination mechanism featuring on legal contracts and the negotiations outside of the preparatory committee based on the equal and independent status of the preparatory committee and other participating bodies.The establishment of the internal and external organization and coordination mechanisms is beneficial to the successful organization of major sports events.

Keywords：major sports events；preparatory committee；organization and coordination；preparation of sports events

在全国一盘棋的计划经济体制下，我国大型体育赛事筹备组织相对简单。如今随着我国大型体育赛事的日渐增多，大型体育赛事的组织规模越来越大。外界社会环境的复杂多变，赛事筹备组织主体的多元化和主体利益诉求的多样性，致使此前所形成的大型体育赛事组织运作的路径依赖，难以适应当前的体育赛事组织规模变化和社会环境变化。大型体育赛事筹备期短，任务重，涉及组织主体众多，组织运作复杂。对大型体育赛事筹备活动的有效协调是保证筹委会高效运作、提高赛事筹备绩效的关键[1-2]；然而当前有关……