衣斯坎达尔·乌马尔 阿依夏木·夏依提

[摘要] 目的 探讨发生输液不良反应及相应的防治措施。 方法 对笔者所在医院门诊输液室发生的输液不良反应120例患者的临床资料包括药物不良反应类型、引起不良反应的药物等进行分析，并探讨静脉药物不良反应的防治措施。 结果 本研究输液不良反应包括发热反应（6.7％）、静脉炎（5.8％）、空气栓塞（0.8％）、过敏反应（55.0％）、疼痛（20.8％）以及胃肠道反应（恶心、呕吐）（10.8％）等，其中中药注射剂77例，占64.2％，抗菌药物和抗病毒药物产生的不良反应共34例，约占28.3％，消化系统类药物共5例，占4.2％，血液系统类药物4例，占3.4％。 结论 对静脉输液患者进行预见性的观察和针对输液反应进行针对性的处理，并引入药学服务，可以明显的改善患者的输液反应症状，减轻患者痛苦。

[关键词] 静脉药物；不良反应；输液反应；防治

[中图分类号] R472???[文献标识码] B???[文章编号] 2095-0616（2012）15-161-02

Prevention and treatment of adverse drug reactions in intravenousinfusion

YISIKANDAER?Wumaer1??AYIXIAMU?Xiayiti2

1.Department of Pharmacy, Hami Region Center Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Hami 839000, China;2. Department of Medicine, the Hami Vocational Technical School,Hami 839000,China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the occurrence of adverse transfusion reaction and the corresponding control measures. Methods To analyze the data of 120 patients in our hospital outpatient infusion room with infusion adverse reactions, including the type of adverse drug reactions and adverse reactions caused by drugs.To explore the prevention and control measures of intravenous adverse drug reactions. Results In this study, infusion adverse reactions included fever reaction (6.7%), phlebitis (5.8%), air embolism (0.8%), allergic reactions (55.0%), pain (20.8%) and gastrointestinal reactions (nausea, vomiting 10.8%).77 cases were TCM injections, accounting for 64.2%.A total of 34 cases were adverse reactions to antibacterial drugs and antiviral drugs, accounting for 28.3%.5 cases were digestive system drugs (4.2%).4 cases were blood system drugs(3.4%). Conclusion The intravenous infusion in patients with predictable observation and the treatment for infusion reactions, and the introduction of pharmaceutical care can significantly improve patients' symptoms of infusion reactions and reduce pain.

[Key words] Intravenous drugs; Adverse reactions; Infusion reactions; Prevention

静脉输液是临床上最常见的一种给药方式，在治疗多种疾病中起着十分重要的作用，尤其在抢救危重病者的重要关头，迅速建立静脉通道，让药物在机体内迅速发挥药效。但静脉输液其本身存在一定的安全问题，包括各种输液反应，如发热反应、静脉炎、空气栓塞、过敏反应等，可使患者病情加重，给患者的身心带来了严重的创伤[1]。针对输液不良反应，应重视每个输液环节，做到全面质量控制与药学服务相结合，才能降低输液不良反应的发生率。本研究通过对静脉输液的临床资料进行了研究，现报道如下。

1?临床资料