刘万川, 曹向华

(河北师范大学文学院,河北石家庄 050024)

刘万川, 曹向华

(河北师范大学文学院,河北石家庄 050024)

石是明正德嘉靖年间的一位重臣,也是茶陵诗派的中坚。其诗歌关注百姓忧患,正视朝政得失,吟咏性情也发自由衷,虽形式上拟古色彩较重,但学唐之时也屡有佳作。散文创作不为空言,文笔省净,颇有雅趣,以游记体最为出色。

石; 拟古

Abstract:Shi Bao is an important official in the imperial court of the Ming dynasty and a member of Chaling School during the reign of Zhengde and Jiajing of Ming Dynasty.His poems show his concern about the sufferings and miseries of the people and the political gains and losses,.Most his poems are lyrical and heartfelt.Although he modeled his literary and artistic style on that of the ancients,he produced many excellent works in the process of learningfrom the Tang Dynasty poetry,.Useless words are not welcomed in prose-writing.Shibao's poems are characterized by their simplicity,elegant taste.He is also well-known for his literary form in writing travel notes.

Key words:Shibao; archaism

《四库全书》收其《熊峰集》十卷,前四卷及七、八、九卷为诗,五、六卷及第十卷为文。另据《明诗综》有《恒阳集》,已佚。

一

茶陵派虽组织不甚严密,但常有唱和聚会,黄佐的《翰林记》、何良俊的《四友斋丛说》等都曾记载这一盛况。《熊峰集》中《中秋前一夜西涯先生召诸生会饮命题试月》、《春日郊斋即事呈西涯学士先生》、《西涯先生席上偕严宗哲阊侍御王太仆伍秋官饮命韵更送以言》等诗作,即记载了李东阳、石二人的师生之谊,也从某种角度说明李东阳对其创作的指导和引领作用。石诗语:“多少英豪望后尘,清风长播玉堂春。斗星麟凤光天下,韩柳苏黄合一人。”(《得西涯先生手教》)足见其对李东阳的崇敬之情。

首先,在题材内容上,茶陵派被后世称许的很重要一个原因就是能摆脱前代台阁诗人高高在上的心态,以传统士人的责任关注下层社会。“三杨”等人在开国盛世之时,“以其和平易直之心发而为治世之音”尚可理解,而正德之后,官员腐败,民不聊生,起义风起云涌,雅颂之诗已经不适合现实。石高居朝堂,但却创作了大量学习并继承的中唐新乐府的作品。……