祁使句考点全方位透视
2004-01-06耿志华
耿志华
祈使句不但是最常用的句型之一,同时也是历年来各地中考考查热点之一。现结合中考题对其解题方法归纳如下:
一、考查祈使句的构成形式
(一)直接以动词开头的祈使句。如:
Put away your things,please.请把你的东西收好。
〔考例1〕_____at the door before entering the office please.
A.KnockedB.To knockC.KnockingD.Knock
(二)祈使句+and+含有一般将来时的陈述句;祈使句+and/then/or+含有一般将来时的陈述句。此祈使句相当于一个条件从句。and/then表示句意顺承,or表示句意转折,意为“否则”。如:
Work hard,and you will pass the driving test.努点力,你会通过驾驶考试的。
Hurry up,or you will miss the early train.快点,否则你会错过早班火车。
〔考例2〕______blood if you can and many lives will be saved.
A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.To give
〔考例3〕______it with me and I摚欤 see what I can do.
A.When leftB.LeavingC.If you leaveD.Leave
(三)祈使句+ —(破折号)+句子。其中破折号后的内容是对前祈使句起补充说明的作用。如:
Put on your coat — it摚 very cold here.穿上外套——这里很冷。
〔考例4〕________some of this juice — perhaps you摚欤 like it.
A.TryingB.TryC.To tryD.Have tried
〔考例5〕_______down the radio — the baby摚 asleep in the next room.
A.TurningB.To turnC.TurnedD.Turn
四、Don摚艋颍危澹觯澹蚩头构成的否定祈使句等。如:
Don摚 smoke in the meeting-room.别在会议室抽烟。
Never play football on the street.千万不要在街上踢足球。
〔考例6〕______in that lake,for it摚 too dangerous.
A.Be not swimB.Not to swimC.Never swimD.Don摚 swimming
二、考查祈使句的反意疑问句
(一)以“Let摚螅..开头的祈使句,其反意疑问句用shall we?如:
Let摚 go hiking this afternoon,shall we?我们今天下午去徒步旅行好吗?
〔考例7〕It摚 a fine day. Let摚 go fishing,____?
A.won摚 weB.will weC.don摚 weD.shall we
(二)以Let摚 not...开头的祈使句,其反意疑问句用OK?或all right?构成。如:
Let摚 not stay here,OK?我们别呆在这儿,好吗?
Let摚 not stand in the way,all right?我们别挡道,好吗?
(三)除以上两种情况外,其余的祈使句不管是肯定或是否定,可用will you,can you,won摚 you,don摚 you等,但will you最常用,最佳。如:
Do be good in school,will you?在学校听话,好吗?
〔考例8〕Be sure to write to us,______?
A.will youB.aren摚 youC.can youD.mustn摚 you
〔考例9〕Don摚 smoke in the meeting-room,____?
A.do youB.will youC.can youD.could you
三、考查祈使句的回答
祈使句均表示将来的动作,回答用I will或I won摚簟5要注意分清是肯定或是否定。如:
〔考例10〕—Write to me when you get home.
—______.
A.I mustB.I shouldC.I willD.I can
〔考例11〕——Don摚 forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
—______.
A.I don摚簦.I won摚簦.I can摚簦.I haven摚
〔KEY:1—5 DBDBD6—11 CDABCB〕