摘" 要：滞绿基因（STAY-GREEN，SGR）基因是一个调控植物叶绿素降解的关键基因，在调控植物衰老方面发挥着重要作用，。为研究SGR基因在辣椒果实着色过程中的调控作用，采用同源基因克隆法，利用PCR技术从辣椒果实cDNA中扩增出CaSGR基因，对其蛋白序列进行生物信息学分析，并构建病毒诱导基因沉默（VIGS）载体，初步验证基因功能。结果表明：CaSGR基因的ORF为792"bp，编码263个氨基酸；生物信息学分析发现，茄科作物SGR基因相对保守，克隆的CaSGR蛋白与番茄、马铃薯的SGR蛋白进化关系较近；构建CaSGR VIGS载体并注射辣椒叶片，成功获得沉默植株，沉默植株叶片白化，果实颜色改变，CaSGR基因的表达量显著降低，果实中叶绿素与β-胡萝卜素含量明显增高。本研究为深入解析CaSGR基因在辣椒果实着色中的分子调控机制提供基础，并为培育高类胡萝卜素含量的辣椒新品种提供理论依据。

关键词：辣椒；CaSGR基因；VIGS技术；叶绿素；β-胡萝卜素中图分类号：S641.3 """""文献标志码：A

Cloning and Functional Analysis of the SGR Gene in Capsicum annum Fruits

QIN Yuling， LIU Weixia， CAO Zhenmu， LIU Lin， ZHU Dan， YIN Xiaomin， LIU Ziji^*

Institute of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， Haikou， Hainan 571101， China

Abstract： STAY-GREEN （SGR） is a key gene that regulates chlorophyll degradation in plants and plays an important role in controlling plant senescence. To investigate the regulatory role of the SGR gene in the fruit coloration process of pepper， the homologous gene cloning method was employed to amplify the CaSGR gene from pepper fruit cDNA using PCR technology in this study. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted on its protein sequence， and a virus-induced gene silencing （VIGS） vector was constructed to preliminarily verify the gene function. The results showed that ORF of CaSGR was 792 bp， encoding 263 amino acids. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SGR was relatively conserved among Solanaceae crops， and SGR had a closer evolutionary relationship with SGR from tomato and potato. CaSGR VIGS vector was constructed and injected into pepper leaves， successfully obtaining silenced plants. The silenced plants exhibited leaf whitening， fruit color changed， and CaSGR expression levels reduced significantly. Additionally， the chlorophyll and β-carotene content in the fruits of the silenced plants increased markedly. This study would provide a foundation for further elucidating the molecular regulatory mechanisms of CaSGR in pepper fruit coloration and offer theoretical support for breeding new pepper varieties with high carotenoid content.

Keywords： Capsicum annum; CaSGR gene; VIGS technology; chlorophyll; β-carotene

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.07.004

辣椒（Capsicum spp.）是全球重要的蔬菜和调味品，近几年我国辣椒种植面积均稳定在210万hm²左右，产业规模居蔬菜首位^[1-3]。辣椒果色是最直观的外在品质性状和经济性状，辣椒果实因含有类胡萝卜素种类不同而呈现不同的颜色，同时辣椒果实着色过程伴随叶绿素的降解和类胡萝卜素的合成^[4]。

滞绿基因（Stay-green， （SGR）可延迟植物衰老过程中的叶绿素降解，而导致叶片保持绿色，对植物生物量、品质和保鲜有重要影响。SGR基因在高等植物中是以基因家族形式存在，一般有2个或3个同源基因，都参与植物叶绿素降解调控^[5-6]，目前SGR基因在拟南芥^[7]、番茄^[8]、辣椒^[9]等作物中研究较多。……