摘" 要：光合色素缺失的白化植株是研究光合作用的理想材料。本研究在前期考察时发现白化菠萝蜜幼苗（albino Artocarpus heterophyllus seedlings， AAS）。AAS的叶片较大，存活时间较长，且表型性状稳定，是不可多得的木本白化植物。通过转录组测序分析AAS光合作用相关基因的表达，发现AAS叶光合色素合成、光合作用-天线蛋白、光反应和碳固定反应通路中诸多基因的发生下调表达，质体-核信号通路中关键调控因子heat shock protein 70（HSP70）、heat shock protein 90（HSP90）和HSP70–HSP90-organizing protein 3（HOP3）的编码基因发生上调表达。本研究从光合色素合成途径讨论了AAS的成因，以及从质体-核信号方面探讨了其光合作用相关基因的表达，为该逆行信号通路的探索提供参考。

关键词：菠萝蜜；白化苗；光合色素；光合作用；基因表达中图分类号：S667.8 """""文献标志码：A

Expression Analysis of Genes Related to Photosynthesis in Albino Artocarpus heterophyllus Seedlings

GUO Yutong¹， DONG Junna^1*， ZHANG Xi¹， QU Qian¹， YU Xudong¹， LUO Jiajia²， CAI Zeping^1**

1. School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry， Hainan University / Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants， Ministry of Education， Haikou， Hainan 570228， China; 2. Institute of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， Danzhou， Hainan 571737， China

Abstract： Albino plants lacking photosynthetic pigments are ideal materials for studying photosynthesis. In this study， albino Artocarpus heterophyllus seedlings （AAS） were found during the preliminary investigation. AAS have larger leaves， longer survival time and stable phenotypic traits， so it is a rare woody plant albino material. The expression of photosynthesis-related genes were analyzed through transcriptome sequencing technology and found that the expression of many genes in photosynthetic pigment synthesis， photosynthesis-antenna protein， photoreaction and carbon fixation reaction pathways were down-regulated in AAS leaf， also the expression of genes encoding heat shock protein 70 （HSP70）， heat shock protein 90 （HSP90） and HSP70-HSP90-organizing protein 3 （HOP3）， which are considered to be key regulators in the plastid-nuclear signaling pathway， were up-regulated. This study discussed the cause of AAS from the synthesis pathway of photosynthetic pigment， and also discussed the expression of photosynthesis-related genes from the aspect of plastid-nuclear signal， which can provide reference for the research of this retrograde signaling pathway.

Keywords： Artocarpus heterophyllus; albino seedlings; photosynthetic pigments; photosynthesis; gene expression

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.07.001

光合作用是绿色植物生长发育的基础，为地球上几乎所有生物提供必需的能量；对维持大气中氧气和二氧化碳的相对稳定起重要作用^[1-3]。光能的捕获和吸收主要由光合色素承担^[4]。在高等植物中，光合色素分为叶绿素和类胡萝卜素两大类。缺乏光合色素会导致植物叶色发生变异，产生白化、黄化等现象^[5]。

光合色素缺失的白化植物，是研究光合作用的理想材料^[6-7]。目前白化植物的研究大多在草本植物中开展，如拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）^[8]、水稻（Oryza sativa）^[9-10]、番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）^[11]等。这些植物的生长周期较短，白化突变体较易得到，然而其种子体积普遍较小，白化幼苗的寿命较短。相比而言，木本植物具有较长的生长周期，但相关的突变体较难得到，所开展的研究较少^[12]。

菠萝蜜（Artocarpus heterophyllus）为多年生常绿乔木^[13-14]。……