胃食管反流病与慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病风险的关系
2025-08-14廖叶周云峰周晓瑞胡昕廖娟龙璐
中图分类号:R563.9;R573.9 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-503X(2025)03-0402-06
DOI: 10.3881/j .issn.1000-503X.16279
Association Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and the Risk of Incident Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
LIAO Ye 1 ,ZHOU Yunfeng²,ZHOU Xiaorui¹,HU Xin³,LIAO Juan4,LONGLu1
1 DepartmentofEpidemiologyandHealthStatistics,²Deparmentsof Thoracic Surgery,WestChinaScholofPublic Healthand West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 61OO41,China (20 3 Shiyang Community Health Service Center,Chengdu Hi-Tech Zone,Chengdu 610041,China
(204号 4 Department of Gastroenterology,West China Scholof Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
Corresponding author:LONG Lu Tel:028-85501272,E-mail:longlu201609@163.com
ABSTRACT: ObjectiveTo investigate the association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and the risk of incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and explore potential effect modifiers influencing this asociation.MethodsClinical data from 476175 participants in the UK Biobank (2006-2010) were collected.A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the relationship between GERD and the risk of incident COPD.Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine potential modifiers of the primary findings. Results A total of 11 587( 2.43% )new COPD cases were diagnosed. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed that GERD was associated with an increased risk of incident COPD( HR=1.59 , 95% CI= 1.46 - 1.74, Plt;0.001 ). GERD was linked to a higher risk of incident COPD in individuals aged lt;60 years( Plt; 0.001)and non-smokers( P=0.011 ).No association was observed between GERD and the risk of incident
COPD in current smokers with a daily cigarette consumption lt;10 cigarettes ( P=0.261 ) . Conclusion GERD mayincrease the risk of incident COPD.
Key Words:gastroesophageal reflux disease;chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;prospective study ActaAcadMedSin,2025,47(3):402-407
2019年全球 30~79 岁人群中慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructivepulmonary disease,COPD)的患病率约为 10.3% ,随着人口老龄化、城市化及其相关风险的增加,COPD逐渐成为全球死亡的主要原因[1]。合并症可能使COPD的临床表现复杂化,并影响其发病率和死亡率。胃食管反流病(gastroesophagealrefluxdisease,GERD)是一种慢性消化系统疾病,主要特征是胃酸和胆汁频繁反流[2]。GERD是COPD的主要合并症之一[3],COPD 患者GERD 患病率为 17% ~78%[4] 。COPD 加重也与GERD 有关[5]。这些提示GERD可能与COPD风险增加存在关联,其可能机制包括反流物被误吸进人肺部对呼吸系统造成直接损伤,以及迷走神经介导的反射性支气管收缩[4]。最近有学者通过孟德尔随机化研究表明两者存在因果关联,然而,目前该方面相关的前瞻性研究较少。因此,本研究基于一项大型、独立构建的前瞻性队列研究,验证GERD与COPD之间的关联,旨在为这两种疾病的预防和治疗提供科学依据。
1资料和方法
1.1 资料来源
数据来自英国生物银行(UKBiobank,UKB)(https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/),其设计方案及人群特征的详细描述可参见此前发表的相关文献[6]UKB是一项前瞻性队列研究,于2006至2010年期间招募超过50万名40~69岁的研究对象。所有参与者均通过触摸屏提供书面知情同意,并且研究获得英国西北多中心研究伦理委员会的批准。本研究利用UKB数据的申请号为84980。
本研究选取GERD和COPD患病信息完整的病例,排除基线时有COPD病史患者( n=8 823 )以及随访6年内患COPD患者( n=16477 ),最终纳入476175名研究对象。
1.2方法
1.2. 1 暴露测量
GERD定义依据国际疾病分类第10版(tenthedi-tion of International Classification of Diseases,ICD-10),通过住院诊断数据记录(字段:41270),ICD-10诊断代码为K21(https://biobank.ndph.ox.ac.uk/show-case/field.cgi?……
