中图分类号：S-9 文献标志码：A

Analysis of Current Status Pineapple Industry in Guangxi and Its Development Strategies

DENG Biao’，LIU KaiChuang²*，CHAI GaiFeng1，ZHENG Ping²，WANG LuLu²， TAO Hui³，CHEN RenXiong4，XIAN Tong，DU LuMiao²，LIU YeQiang'，

WANG LuRu'，LIU RunZe'，QIN Yuan²**，WANG XiaoMei1** （'Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Nanning，Guangxi 53oo07，China; ²Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University，Fuzhou，Fujian 35oooo，China;Guangxi Huanong Pineapple Modern Agricultural Technology Co.， Ltd.，Nanning，Guangxi 530o，China;4 Guangxi Lyuyuan Farm Agricultural Technology Co.，Ltd.，Nanning， Guangxi530oo0，China；Guangxi Xin Green Agriculture Co.，Ltd.，，Fangchenggang，Guangxi 538037，China）

Abstract：Pineapple（Ananas comosus） is a nutritious fruit with unique flavor，and is the second biggest commercial tropical fruit in the world.The fruit has an important position in China's tropical agricultural economy，and Guangxi is one of the main production areas of pineapple in China. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the current development status of the pineapple industry in Guangxi，identify the bottlenecks constraining industrial upgrading，and propose appropriate countermeasures to provide critical insights for regional agricultural supply-side structural reform and rural revitalization strategies. Based on statistical data from Guangxi Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs（2019-2O23），field surveys in the major pineapple production areas and literature analysis from the CNKI database，this study conducted descriptive statistics，industrial competitiveness analysis and case studies to analyze the dynamics from perspectives including industrial status and historical evolution，industrial layout and variety structure，production efficiency and economic benefits，production technology and management level，marketing and and brand building of the pineapple industry. From 2019 to 2023，the pineapple cultivation area in Guangxi decreased by 8.9% annually，while the yield per unit area increased by 79.49% ，and output value per hectare （ hm² ）roseby 55.24% ，demonstrating a trend of significant improvements in yield and valueincrease per unit area，bringing burgeoning industrial efficiency.The cultivar replacement rate reached 40% ，with notable success in promoting new cultivars such as the Tainong cultivars and Golden Pineapple.Standardized cultivation technologies in pineapple production achieved high yields beyond 42 000kg/hm² .However，problems such as single variety dominance （Bali variety accounting for 60% ）， frequent cold weather damage and wilt disease （annual affected area accounting for 31.7% ），and low processing rate （11.5%） ）are still limiting sustainable development of the industry. To achieve a leapfrog advancements from“reduced scale with improved quality”to“enhancement of both quality and efficiency”，the follwing suggestions are proposed： germplasm should be innovated and industrial layout should be optimized; cultivation techniques for new varieties should be developed and demonstrated;an inteligent and environmentally-friendly pest control system should be established; measures should be taken to improve post-harvest processing systems，extend processing industry chains and reach greater efciency of industrial organization and marketing promotion.The results of this research provide references for high-quality development of tropical fruit industries.

Keywords：Pineapple；production period regulation；cold-proof cultivation；collaboration of ndustrial chain;Guangxi

0 引言

菠萝（Ananascomosus）作为全球贸易量第二大的热带水果，于16世纪引入中国后，在海南、广西、广东、福建、云南、台湾等地广泛种植，在我国热带农业经济中占据重要地位。此外，菠萝果实风味独特，富含维生素A、 B₁ 、 B₂ 等，特别是维生素C含量高，深受消费者喜爱。菠萝果实不仅可以鲜食，也可用作加工罐头、果脯、果酱、果酒和提取菠萝蛋白酶等的重要原材料，市场需求量大，有发展潜力。广西地处亚热带季风气候区，光热资源丰富，自20世纪80年代起就已是全国菠萝主产区之一，在1990年产量高达101.5万t，占该年度全国总产量的 35.76% （李佳欣，2024）。然而，近年来广西菠萝产业严重衰退，2022年种植面积缩减至 1 934hm² ，产量仅为3.48万t，在全国占比降至 1.7% （李佳欣，2024）。这一现象与广东、海南等主产区的快速发展形成鲜明对比。2021年，广东省菠萝产量达125.98万t，占全国总产量的66.8% （刘青等，2024）。广西作为“水果王国”，菠萝产业的萎缩不仅影响了区域经济，更反映出品种老化、技术滞后、产业链断裂等深层次问题。因此，深入调研广西菠萝产业，分析当前存在的问题，并提出针对性建议，不仅关乎农民增收和农业增效，而且对于推动广西热带特色农业的整体发展、优化农业产业结构、提升农产品国际竞争力等方面具有积极作用，更对促进广西菠萝产业转型升级和高质量发展具有重要意义。

关于菠萝产业的研究报道已有很多。李志等（2015）指出广西菠萝品种单一化导致市场竞争力弱化。有研究人员通过从美国、中国台湾地区等地引入菠萝优良新品种（金菠萝、台农系列菠萝），试图调整优化广西菠萝产业结构（张宇等，2013；……