[摘要] 目的 探讨新疆高原环境与平原环境下特应性皮炎（atopic dermatitis，AD）患者的临床特点、皮肤表面菌群分布差异及相关危险因素，为制定高原地区AD的防治策略提供理论依据。方法 选取2023年8月至2024年8月在新疆军区总医院就诊的130例AD患者作为研究对象。根据有无高原居住史分为高原组（n=64）与平原组（n=66）。分析两组患者的临床特征、皮肤表面菌群分布及相关危险因素。结果 与平原组比较，高原组AD患者首发率更高、首发年龄更小、疾病严重程度更重，且皮损处金黄色葡萄球菌分布显著高于非皮损处。结论 高原环境下AD患者的疾病严重程度高于平原地区患者，且金黄色葡萄球菌的感染增加是重要因素之一。

[关键词] 高原；特应性皮炎；金黄色葡萄球菌；相关危险因素

[中图分类号] R758.23" """"[文献标识码] A """""[DOI] 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9701.2025.17.002

Analysis of atopic dermatitis characteristics and related risk factors in plateau and plain in Xinjiang

XIAO Ying¹， WANG Huilin²

1.Shihezi University School of Medicine， Shihezi 832002， Xinjiang， China; 2.Department of Dematology， General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command， Urumqi 830000， Xinjiang， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical characteristics， skin surface microbial distribution and related risk factors of patients with atopic dermatitis （AD） in the plateau environment and plain environment in Xinjiang， so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment strategies of AD in the plateau region. Methods A total of 130 patients with AD who visited General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command from August 2023 to August 2024 were selected as research subjects. The patients were divided into plateau group （n=64） and plain group （n=66） based on their history of living at high altitudes. The clinical characteristics， distribution of skin surface microbiota， and related risk factors of two groups were analyzed. Results Compared with plain group， patients with AD in plateau group had a higher incidence， younger age at onset， more severe disease. Significantly higher distribution of Staphylococcus aureus in the lesions than those in non-lesions. Conclusion The severity of AD in plateau patients was higher than that in plain areas， and the increase of Staphylococcus aureus infection was one of the important factors.

[Key words] Plateau; Atopic dermatitis; Staphylococcus aureus; Related risk factors

特应性皮炎（atopic dermatitis，AD）是一种常见的慢性炎症性皮肤病，其发病受遗传、环境等多种因素的影响。新疆高原地区因其独特的自然环境，可能对AD患者的发病及疾病严重程度产生特殊影响^[1–3]。本研究旨在探讨新疆高原环境与平原环境下AD患者的临床特点、皮肤表面菌群分布差异及相关危险因素，以期为制定高原地区AD的防治策略提供科学依据。

1 "对象与方法

1.1 "研究对象

选取2023年8月至2024年8月在新疆军区总医院皮肤科就诊的130例AD患者作为研究对象。根据有无高原居住史分为高原组（n=64）与平原组（n=66）。纳入标准：①高原组海拔≥3000m地区居住≥3个月，平原组无高原居住史；②年龄18～60岁；③符合AD诊断标准^[4]；④患者或家属可配合随访并签署知情同意书。……