中图分类号：S565.2 文献标识号：A 文章编号：1001-4942（2025）06-0078-09

AbstractIn order to explore the effects of calcium fertilizer on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen during peanut pod development period，two peanut varieties with diferent calcium sensitivity，‘ Huayu （204号 22' （calcium-sensitive type）and‘L-2010’（calcium-insensitive type），were used as test materials，and three calcium levels including 0kg/hm²（T0） ， 150kg/hm²（T1） and 300kg/hm²（T2） were set in the experiment.The effects of diferent calcium application rates on the concentration of soil microbial biomass carbon （MBC），microbial biomass nitrogen （MBN）and the ratio of MBC to MBN（MBC/MBN） were studied. The results showed that in the O＼～2O-cm soil layer， for ^∙L-2010^∙ in the whole pod development period，the concentration of MBC increased with the increase of calcium application rate，except for kernel filing stage；except for the young fruit stage， T1 treatment significantly decreased the MBC/MBN by 19.2% to 53.9% compared with T2. As to‘Huayu ₂₂⋅ ，T1 treatment significantly increased the concentration of MBC by 59.8% to （204号 170.4% and 27.1% to 123.0% compared with TO and T2 treatments，respectively； from the young fruit stage to the pod seting stage，calcium application significantly reduced the concentration of MBN；in the whole pod development period， T1 treatment significantly increased the MBC/MBN by 97.9% to 496.2% compared with TO treatment.In the rhizosphere soil，in terms of‘L-2O1O’except forthe young fruit stage，the concentration of MBC increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of calcium application rate；except for the seed ripening stage， T2 treatment significantly increased the concentration of MBN by 25.7% to 123.0% compared with TO treatment； except for the pod seting period，the MBC/MBN increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of calcium application rate.However， for‘ Huayu 22^∘ in the whole pod development period，the concentration of MBC under T2 treatment was significantly lower than that under TO treatment，decreasing by （204号 34.5% to 71.6% ； except for the pod bulking stage and pod setting stage，the MBC/MBN increased with the increase of calcium application rate. In conclusion， the application of 150kg/hm² calcium increased the MBC content in soil，and exhibited a more pronounced enhancement efect for the calcium-sensitive cultivar‘Huayu （204号 22^∘ ， so it could be recommended as an appropriate calcium application rate for peanut.

KeywordsPeanut；Calcium fertilizer；Pod development period；Microbial biomasscarbon；Microbial biomass nitrogen

土壤微生物量碳（MBC）和微生物量氮（MBN）直接参与土壤有机质分解、养分循环和腐殖质形成等生化过程，其含量高低可以反映土壤肥力的变化[1]。尽管MBC和MBN在土壤全量碳氮含量中占比较小，但它们是养分转化的动力，对维持土壤肥力和农业生态系统的碳氮循环具有重要意义[2]

土壤MBC和MBN含量受农业管理影响显著，施肥、灌溉和耕作措施都会影响其化学计量特征。近年来，众多学者研究了施肥与土壤MBC和MBN的关系：苟小梅等[3]研究发现，添加微生物肥料（EM菌和胶质芽孢杆菌）可明显增加植烟根际土壤中的MBC和MBN含量;Batista等4]的研究表明，充足的氮素供应可增加土壤MBC和MBN含量；王满等[5］和唐海明等[的研究均表明，与单施化肥相比，施用有机肥或有机无机肥配施对增加土壤MBC和MBN含量效果更好;然而，赵国强等[7]的研究表明，只有氮磷适量配施才能有效提高土壤MBN含量。可见，不同肥料类型或用量均可显著影响土壤MBC和MBN含量。

钙是花生（ArachishypogaeaL.）生长所必需的营养元素，施用钙肥是提高花生产量的重要措施8，但过量施钙会影响花生对锌、硼等微量元素的吸收，造成土壤板结、生物活性降低等[9]施用钙肥对土壤MBC和MBN含量的影响也有报道，芮绍云等[10]研究发现，单施过氧化钙能有效提高旱地红壤MBC和MBN含量，但配施生物质炭效果更显著；袁颖红等[]研究也发现，施用过氧化钙能明显提高旱地红壤MBC含量。虽然施钙可以改变土壤MBC和MBN含量，但不同施钙量对花生土壤MBC和MBN含量的影响尚不明确。……