中图分类号：S154.36 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2025）07-2227-11

引用格式：，等.柴达木梭梭林自然保护区典型植物群落土壤微生物群落多样性研究[J].草地学报，2025，33（7）：2227—2237LIYan-chun，LIQiang-feng，LIWei，etal.StudyonSoilMicrobialCommunityDiversityofTypicalPlantCommunities in the Qaidam Haloxylon Ecosystem Reserve[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica，2O25，33（7）：2227-2237

Study on Soil Microbial Community Diversity of Typical Plant Communities in theQaidam HaloxylonEcosystem Reserve

LI Yan-chun1，LI Qiang-fengl*，LI Wei²，PENGMAO Dang-zhi²，LYU Jia³

（1.CollegeofAgriultureandAnialHusbandryQinghaiUniversity，XinngQinghaiProvinceool6，hina;2.ServiceCtreof

QinghaiQaidamShutleForestNationalNatureReserve，Delingha，QinghaiProvince628O2，China；.QinghaiHaiiForestryStation Delingha，QinghaiProvince 6328O2，China）

Abstract：To investigate the efects of soil depthon microbial diversityacrossdiferent plant communities，this study examined the physicochemical properties and microbial diversity of soil at three depths （ （0-20cm ， 20-40cm and 40-60cm. ） under five representative plant communities in the Qaidam Haloxylon Ecosystem Reserve， including Haloxylon ammodendron，Nitraria sibirica，Kalidium foliatum，Tamarix hohenackeri，andCaligo num mongolicum.The findings revealed that diferent plant communities significantly altered soil physicochemical properties and microbialcomposition，whereas the influence of soil depth on these properties and microbial diversity was markedly less pronounced.Among the soil properties afecting microbial communities，total salinity emerged as the most critical factor. The T ramosissima community had the highest levels of total salinity， organic matter，and total nitrogen.These led toa significant increase in the abundance of Bacteroidotaand Basidiomycota，while reducing the abundance of Ascomycota. Despite changes in microbial composition driven by plant communities，the dominant microbial phyla in the soil remained consistent.The predominant bacterial phyla were Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria，while Ascomycota and Basidiomycota dominated the fungal communities.Functionalprofiling revealed thatthe dominant bacterial groups were chemoheterotrophs and aerobic chemoheterotrophs. These findings elucidated the interplay between plant communities and soil depth in shaping soil physicochemical properties and microbial diversity.They enhance our understanding ofthe mechanisms underlying the formation and assembly of soil microbial communities in the Qaidam Desert ecosystem.

Key words：Soil physicochemical properties;Microbial diversity;Soil depth;Dominant microbial phyla

土壤微生物在土壤生态系统扮演着至关重要的角色，深度参与到多种生态过程。如动植物的残体以及根系分泌物的分解、有机物质的转化与利用和土壤养分的循环等1。而土壤微生物对荒漠生态系统的影响更不可忽视。干旱导致的水分胁迫、资源竞争等问题使得土壤微生物迅速响应外部环境变化，从而有助于维持土壤结构的稳定性[2。近年来有一些研究发现土壤微生物多样性和群落结构在不同植被类型和土层中有高度的异质性[3]。不同植物会通过复杂的生态过程来招募特定的微生物类群以保障宿主的健康生长4]。滕泽宇等[5]对阿拉善高原灌木群落土壤微生物群落研究发现，不同群落类型对土壤细菌群落结构及多样性产生显著影响，并指出放线菌和变形菌为优势种。王静娅等[6]研究发现干旱区玛纳斯河流域的土壤微生物主要受到地上植物的影响，细菌丰富度与植物多样性成正比。因此，研究荒漠生态系统植物的微生物多样性和功能对提高生物多样性、维持土壤生产力的可持续发展具有重要意义。

土壤深度是影响土壤物理化学特征的重要因素，土壤的物理和化学性质，如土壤碳、pH值和矿质养分，可以塑造土壤中的微生物群落[7]。有研究表明，在相同立地条件下，土壤微生物随土壤深度呈垂直变化[8]。……