王永强 高祥晓 王哲

[摘 要：乡村产业数字化是“数实”融合的关键内容，也是推进乡村振兴的重要措施。文章基于熵权及变异系数综合赋权法、Dagum基尼系数、空间收敛模型，对2012—2021年中国31个省份乡村产业数字化水平进行统计测度和时空演变特征分析。研究发现：中国乡村产业数字化水平呈增长态势，但整体水平不高，需进一步提升乡村产业数字服务和数字管理水平；三大地区乡村产业数字化水平存在显著梯度差异，呈“东高西低”空间格局；地区差异分析表明，地区间差异的变化是中国乡村产业数字化水平总体差异呈“U”型特征的主要原因；收敛性分析表明，中国乡村产业数字化水平均具有绝对β收敛及条件β收敛特征。

关键词：乡村产业数字化；地区差异；空间收敛性；乡村振兴；Dagum基尼系数

中图分类号：F323；F49      文献标识码：A文章编号：1007-5097（2024）06-0097-11 ]

Measurement of the Industrial Digitalization Level in Rural Areas of China and

Analysis of its Spatiotemporal Evolution

WANG Yongqiang，GAO Xiangxiao，WANG Zhe

（College of Economics and Management，Hebei Agricultural University，Baoding 071000，China）

Abstract：Industrial digitalization in rural areas is a key component of "digital-real" integration and an important measure for advancing rural revitalization. This essay employs a comprehensive weighting method based on entropy and coefficient of variation，the Dagum Gini coefficient，and spatial convergence models to statistically measure and analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the industrial digitalization level in rural areas in 31 provinces of China from 2012 to 2021. Findings： The industrial digitalization level in rural areas of China is on the rise；however，it is still relatively low，highlighting the necessity for the continued improvement of digital services and management. Significant regional disparities in the industrial digitalization levels within rural areas of China are evident，showcasing a spatial pattern characterized by a high level in the eastern regions and a low level in the western regions. Examination of regional disparities indicates that these variations are the predominant factor contributing to the overall "U-shaped" nature of disparities in industrial digitalization levels among rural areas in China. Convergence analysis indicates that the industrial digitalization levels in China′s rural areas demonstrate both absolute and conditional β-convergence characteristics.

Key words：industrial digitalization in rural areas；regional disparities；spatial convergence；rural revitalization；Dagum Gini coefficient

一、引 言

乡村产业数字化是乡村产业振兴的保障，也是乡村经济高质量发展的内在要求。在新一轮科技革命与数字化加速发展的当下，如何有效提高乡村产业数字化水平是新时代乡村产业均衡发展的重点，也是落实《乡村建设行动实施方案》需关注的焦点。2021年3月，“十四五”规划纲要明确指出，要“推进产业数字化转型”“加快发展智慧农业，推进农业生产经营和管理服务数字化改造”。2022年2月，《中共中央 国务院关于做好2022年全面推进乡村振兴重点工作的意见》提出，“大力推进数字乡村建设”“推进智慧农业发展，促进信息技术与农机农艺融合应用”，为提高我国乡村产业数字化水平指明方向。……