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对肛周脓肿手术患者实施疼痛专项护理的临床价值分析

2024-01-21谢丽丹

婚育与健康 2023年24期
关键词:并发症

谢丽丹

【摘要】目的:探究对肛周脓肿手术患者开展疼痛专项护理的临床价值。方法:选择2021年5月—2022年11月于我院接受手术治疗的90例肛周脓肿患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其区分为研究组(n=45,接受疼痛专项护理)与对照组(n=45,接受常规围术期护理)。对比两组的护理效果。结果:(1)术后12h、术后24h时,研究组患者的VAS评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05),但术后48h时两组患者VAS评分组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)研究组患者的首次排气、首次换药以及首次排便时间均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。(3)干预后研究组患者的SAS和SDS量表得分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)两组间并发症发生率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对肛周脓肿患者实施疼痛专项护理有助于降低患者术后疼痛度,有助于加快患者术后康复进程,改善患者术后焦虑抑郁等不良情绪,可以降低术后并发症发生率。

【关键词】肛周脓肿;手术治疗;疼痛专项护理;临床价值;焦虑抑郁;并发症

Clinical value analysis of special pain nursing for patients with perianal abscess surgery

XIE Lidan

Xuzhou City Hospital of TCM, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China

【Abstract】Objective: To explore the clinical value of special pain nursing for patients with perianal abscess surgery. Methods: 90 patients with perianal abscess who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from May 2021 to November 2022 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into the study group according to the random number table method (n=45, received special pain nursing) with the control group (n=45, received routine perioperative nursing). The nursing effects of the two groups were compared. Results: (1) At 12 hours and 24 hours after operation, the VAS scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the VAS scores of the two groups at 48 hours after operation (P>0.05). (2) The first exhaust gas, first dressing change and first defecation time of patients in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). (3) After the intervention, the scores of SAS and SDS in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). (4) There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Special pain nursing for patients with perianal abscess can help reduce postoperative pain, speed up postoperative rehabilitation, improve postoperative anxiety and depression, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

【Key Words】Perianal abscess; Surgical treatment; Special pain nursing; Clinical value; Anxiety and depression; Complications

肛周膿肿又名肛管直肠周围脓肿,中医也称之为肛痈,是一类发生于肛门、肛管和直肠周围的急性化脓感染性疾病,属于细菌感染的范畴,也是肛瘘的前身[1]。肛周脓肿、肛瘘均属肛肠三大疾病,其中肛周脓肿的发病率约为2%,总病例数约占肛肠疾病的8%~25%,多见于20~40岁的男性[2]。流行病学调查显示,肛周脓肿发病率较高,英国每年约有2万新发病例,近些年随着我国居民饮食结构以及起居习惯的改变,加之工作压力的增加,导致肛周脓肿的患病率有了明显的升高,国内目前发病率约为5.7%左右[3]。肛周脓肿的典型临床表现为肛周局部连续的跳跃性疼痛,患者多活动不利,出现全身发热乏力症状,对患者正常生活会造成严重影响[4]。临床实践指出肛周脓肿还属肛肠科的急症和重症,如患者得不到及时有效的干预,甚至有诱发败血症和脓毒血症的风险,因而建议及早开展手术治疗。术后疼痛是影响肛周脓肿患者术后康复的重要因素,疼痛专项护理是新型护理措施,旨在通过细致、深入的护理来改善患者围术期疼痛度。……

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